Fig. 6. Relationships between changes in dissolved gases and medium acidification in mammalian cell cultures.

Delta (∆) values for pH, dO₂, and dCO₂ represent the mean difference between levels measured at various time points during culture minus measurements taken at time zero (cf. Supplementary Figs. S3 and S4). a The relationship between reductions in pH and increases in dO₂ in cell culture media. b The relationship between reductions in dO₂ and increases in dCO₂ in cell culture media. c The relationship between reductions in pH and dCO₂ in cell culture media. Data points represent a combination of mean ∆ values extracted from six published studies (examining nine cell lines) and mean ∆ values obtained from this study. Insets show the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and p-value for each correlation model (Supplementary Table S3). Cell lines were categorized as belonging to one of three main categories (primary cells, cancer cells, or stem cells, cf. data availability section for full dataset).