Skip to main content
. 2022 Feb 8;12:2133. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-05882-9

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The structure of the HBV genome. (A) The HBV relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) and cccDNA. There are two direct repeats (DRs) at nucleotides (nt) 1826 and 1592, and the numbering starts at the Eco RI site. rcDNA has a complete minus strand with a nine-base terminal redundancy (blue line) and a terminal protein polymerase attached to the 5′-end (blue oval). The plus strand has a defined 5′-end with an RNA primer (red line) but a variable 3′-end. PCR primers for amplification of cccDNA are targeted to opposite sides of the single-stranded gap regions of rcDNA. (B) The cccDNA-specific forward and reverse primers are 5′-ACGGGGCGCACCTCTCTTTACGCGG-3′ [nt 1519–1543] and 5′-CAAGGCACAGCTTGGAGGCTTGAAC-3′ [nt 1862–1886], respectively, and the probe: 5′-FAM-AACGACCGACCTTGAGGCAT-MGB-3′.