Fig. 5.

miR-10b-5p inhibition represses the stem cell and tumor phenotype of GBM cells. a qRT-PCR analysis shows a decreased expression of pre-miR-10b-5p 5 days after forced differentiation of GBM neurospheres. b qRT-PCR showing expression of stem cell markers and drivers 4 days after miR-10b-5p inhibition. c Limiting dilution assay (LDA) in GSC isolates transduced with a control lentivirus or a lentivirus expressing a miR-10b-5p inhibitor (AM-10b-5p). d Mice were implanted with equal numbers of viable GSCs transduced with lentiviral constructs expressing a miR-10b-5p inhibitor (N = 5) or a control vector (miR-Ctrl.; N = 5). Brains from animals sacrificed 42 days after cell implantation show a marked decrease in tumor growth. Tumor volumes were calculated from maximum tumor cross-sectional areas determined from H&E-stained sections. e Schematic summarizing the treatment schedule for in vivo delivery of nano-miRs. f Representative H&E-stained brain sections from mice implanted with GBM1A neurosphere cells treated with a control nano-miR (n = 8) or the miR-10b-5- inhibitor (AM-10b) (n = 7). Animals were sacrificed 67 days after cell implantation. Maximum tumor cross-sectional areas following treatment with nano-miRs representing viable tumor tissue (right panel). g Kaplan–Meier survival curves comparing mice treated with control nano-miRs (miR-Ctrl) or miR-10b-5p inhibitor (AM-10b). Therapy in the survival study was initiated 45 days after tumor cell implantation. Survival was compared across arms using the log-rank test (N = 15). Statistical significance was calculated using Student’s t-test in a, b, and d. One-way ANOVA with Tuckey’s post hoc test was used to calculate statistical significance in f. Data are presented as mean ± SD. **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05