Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Demographics | SBP-S | SBP-G | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bipolar disorder | Controls | P | Bipolar disorder | Controls | P | |
| N | 224 | 114 | – | 100 | 55 | – |
| Sex, n (%) malesa | 88 (39%) | 52 (46%) | 0.26 | 37 (37%) | 25 (45%) | 0.30 |
| Age, median (IQR)b | 36.5 (29.0, 49.0) | 35.0 (28.0, 44.0) | 0.25 | 39.5 (30.0, 49.0) | 45.0 (32.0, 52.0) | 0.12 |
| BMI, median (IQR)b, n = 3 NA | 24.9 (22.5, 27.7) | 23.3 (21.7, 25.3) | <0.001 | 26.3 (23.7, 29.8) | 25.0 (22.2, 26.7) | 0.006 |
| Nicotine use, n (%)a, n = 31 NA | 93 (47%) | 27 (24%) | <0.001 | 43 (45%) | 14 (25%) | 0.018 |
| Clinical characteristics (cases only) | SBP-S | SBP-G |
|---|---|---|
| Bipolar subtype, n (%) | ||
| Type 1 | 113 (50%) | 36 (36%) |
| Type 2 | 81 (36%) | 48 (48%) |
| Bipolar spectrum (other than type 1 or type 2) | 30 (13%) | 16 (16%) |
| Total lifetime mood episodes, median (IQR) | 11 (6, 23) | 27 (13, 48) |
| Lifetime (hypo)manic episodes, median (IQR) | 4 (2, 9) | 10 (4, 20) |
| Lifetime mixed episodes, median (IQR) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 10) |
| Lifetime depressive episodes, median (IQR) | 5 (3, 10) | 10 (5, 20) |
| History of psychosis, n (%) | 105 (50%) | 23 (24%) |
| Duration of illness, median years (IQR) | 16 (9, 24) | 20 (13, 31) |
| CGI lifetime, median (IQR) | 4 (4, 5) | 4 (4, 5) |
| MADRS, median (IQR) | 4 (0, 11) | 3 (1, 9) |
| YMRS, median (IQR) | 0 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 2) |
| Comorbid substance abuse, n (%) | 28 (13%) | 4 (4%) |
| Psychotropic medication | ||
| Lithium, n (%) | 130 (58%) | 49 (49%) |
| Antipsychotics, n (%) | 47 (21%) | 34 (34%) |
| Anticonvulsants, n (%) | 79 (35%) | 49 (49%) |
| Antidepressants, n (%) | 94 (42%) | 53 (53%) |
SBP-S/G St. Göran bipolar project Stockholm/Gothenburg, IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, CGI Clinical Global Impressions Scale, MADRS Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale, NA data not available.
aPearson’s Chi-squared test.
bKruskal–Wallis rank sum test.