TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population
| Patients (n) | 656 | |
|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 6.4 y (IQR, 2.5–11.3) | |
| Sex, female | 293 (44.9%) | |
| Underlying conditions,* n (%) | ||
| Malignancy | 364 (55.5%) | |
| ALL | 85 (23.5%) | |
| Relapsed ALL | 68 (18.8%) | |
| AML | 60 (16.6%) | |
| Relapsed AML | 16 (4.4%) | |
| Other leukemias | 25 (6.9%) | |
| Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 22 (6.1%) | |
| Hodgkin lymphoma | 4 (1.1%) | |
| Solid tumors | 80 (20.2%) | |
| Not specified | 4 (1.1%) | |
| Underlying condition PID | 70 (10.7%) | |
| (S)CID | 25 (35.7%) | |
| Chronic granulomatous disease | 12 (17.2%) | |
| Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis | 1 (1.4%) | |
| Other types of PID | 32 (45.7%) | |
| Underlying condition “other” | 207 (31.6%) | |
| Hematologic disorder without bone marrow suppression | 30 (14.6%) | |
| Congenital heart disease (surgical) | 24 (11.7%) | |
| SOT | 19 (9.2%) | |
| CF | 17 (8.3%) | |
| Disorder with bone marrow suppression | 14 (6.8%) | |
| Gastrointestinal disease | 14 (6.8%) | |
| Surgical abnormality/condition | 13 (6.3%) | |
| None | 12 (5.8%) | |
| Post-HSCT | 12 (5.8%) | |
| Other† | 52 (25.1%) | |
| Risk factors, n (%) | ||
| CVC | 501 (76.4) | |
| Chemotherapy | 328 (50.0) | |
| Broad-spectrum antibiotic (≥ 5 d) | 267 (40.7) | |
| Peritransplant (HSCT or SOT) | 197 (30.0) | |
| Prolonged neutropenia (≥ 10 d) | 191 (29.1) | |
| Immunosuppressive therapy (nonchemotherapy) | 174 (26.5) | |
| Steroid treatment (dose >0.3 mg/kg/d) | 107 (16.3) | |
| Parenteral nutrition | 89 (13.6) | |
| Candida colonization | 68 (10.4) | |
| Abdominal surgery | 52 (7.9) | |
| GvHD | 38 (5.8) | |
*No underlying condition reported in 15 patients.
†Categories with < 10 patients in each group, including inborn errors of metabolism; nonsurgical heart disease; chronic renal disease; chromosomal/single gene disorder; chronic neurologic condition; rheumatologic or inflammatory condition; neurosurgical abnormality; chronic respiratory disease; chronic endocrinologic disease.
(S)CID indicates severe combined immunodeficiency; ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CF, cystic fibrosis; CVC, central venous catheter; GvHD, graft-versus-host disease; ICU, intensive care unit; SOT, solid organ transplant.