Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants
| Parameters (units) | All (n = 23) | PPT-MED (n = 11) | MED-PPT (n = 12) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.5 ± 8.9 | 55.6 ± 7.8 | 51.5 ± 9.8 | 0.27 |
| Male sex, number (%) | 11 (48) | 5 (45) | 6 (50) | 0.84 |
| Anthropometric measurements | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 87.5 ± 21.5 | 90.1 ± 22.9 | 85.1 ± 20.8 | 0.59 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.8 ± 7.4 | 33.0 ± 8.9 | 28.8 ± 5.3 | 0.18 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 102 ± 14.8 | 105 ± 15.4 | 99.4 ± 14.3 | 0.4 |
| Body fat (%) | 33.7 ± 10.9 | 36.3 ± 12.2 | 31.5 ± 9.8 | 0.33 |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| Serum total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 200.7 ± 87.2 | 190.7 ± 29.6 | 211.0 ± 50.1 | 0.35 |
| Serum LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 125.6 ± 56.9 | 121.9 ± 22.5 | 127.8 ± 83.8 | 0.71 |
| Serum HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 47.4 ± 20.1 | 44.4 ± 7.7 | 49.2 ± 9.4 | 0.27 |
| Serum triglycerides (mg/dl) | 153.5 ± 76.4 | 151.9 ± 57 | 154.4.9 ± 53.1 | 0.92 |
| Glucose biomarkers | ||||
| HbA1c (%) | 6.8 ± 0.4 | 6.8 ± 0.3 | 6.8 ± 0.5 | 0.73 |
| Fructosamine (μmol/l) | 295.1 ± 35.5 | 292.8 ± 44.1 | 297.2 ± 27.3 | 0.78 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg/dl) | 149.7 ± 19 | 153 ± 17.8 | 146.7 ± 20.4 | 0.44 |
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, PPT personalized postprandial-targeting diet, MED Mediterranean diet
*p values for the differences between the groups were calculated using the t-test