(A) Human PBMCs were treated for 20 min with P2X4 antagonist (antag.) (5-BDBD, 10 μM), P2Y11 antagonist (NF340, 10 μM), or P2Y11 agonist (agon.) (NF546, 1 μM). CD4 T cells were identified by CD4 labeling. CD4 T cell migration in response to SDF-1α (100 ng/ml) was monitored with video microscopy for 30 min and migration speeds of individual cells (n≥20 per experiment) were calculated. Box plots of the means of independent experiments (n=3-6; indicated by circles) are shown. ***P<0.001 compared to SDF-1α control (one-way ANOVA). (B) Jurkat T cells were treated with 5-BDBD, NF340, H89 (5 μM), NF546, or cell-permeable cAMP-AM (1 μM) or transfected with P2Y11-targeting, P2X4-targeting, or non-targeting control siRNA and cell migration in response to SDF-1α was analyzed. Mean migration speeds from at least 3 independent experiments (indicated by circles; n≥20 cells per experiment) are shown as box plots. ***P<0.001, ###P<0.001 compared to SDF-1α controls (one-way ANOVA). (C) Effect of 5-BDBD, NF340, H89, NF546, or cAMP-AM on the migration of CD4 effector T cells. Mean migration speeds from at least 3 independent experiments (indicated by circles; n≥20 cells per experiment) are shown as box plots. ***P<0.001 compared to control (one-way ANOVA).