TABLE 1.
Characteristics of clusters representing joint temporal dietary and physical activity patterns of US adults aged 20–65 y as drawn from the NHANES, 2003–20061
| Characteristics | Total, n | Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | P value2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 1836 | 256 (14.0) | 678 (36.9) | 472 (25.7) | 430 (23.4) | |
| Survey year | 0.19 | |||||
| 2003–2004 | 895 (49.3) | 131 (54.0) | 338 (51.2) | 222 (45.5) | 204 (48.0) | |
| 2005–2006 | 941 (50.7) | 125 (46.0) | 340 (48.8) | 250 (54.5) | 226 (52.0) | |
| Sex | <0.0001* | |||||
| Male | 933 (49.5) | 197 (73.4) | 226 (32.0) | 202 (39.8) | 308 (70.3) | |
| Female | 903 (50.5) | 59 (26.6) | 452 (68.0) | 270 (60.2) | 122 (29.7) | |
| Race/ethnicity | 0.09 | |||||
| Mexican American | 389 (8.4) | 54 (10.0) | 142 (7.6) | 107 (8.9) | 86 (8.1) | |
| Other Hispanic | 57 (3.2) | 11 (4.5) | 16 (2.6) | 18 (3.9) | 12 (2.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic white | 910 (71.5) | 127 (71.0) | 325 (69.3) | 229 (71.7) | 229 (74.5) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 385 (10.5) | 56 (11.3) | 149 (11.4) | 96 (10.0) | 84 (9.4) | |
| Other | 95 (6.4) | 8 (3.2) | 46 (9.1) | 22 (5.5) | 19 (5.4) | |
| Age group, y | <0.0001* | |||||
| 20–34 | 560 (29.4) | 122 (44.9) | 138 (20.0) | 162 (32.5) | 138 (29.8) | |
| 35–49 | 623 (38.2) | 93 (37.2) | 193 (34.8) | 173 (40.1) | 164 (41.4) | |
| 50–65 | 653 (32.4) | 41 (18.0) | 347 (45.2) | 137 (27.3) | 128 (28.8) | |
| Household PIR | 0.007* | |||||
| 0–0.99 | 288 (9.9) | 39 (10.5) | 136 (13.2) | 57 (7.2) | 56 (7.8) | |
| 1.00–2.99 | 427 (18.0) | 62 (19.3) | 161 (20.4) | 116 (17.2) | 88 (14.6) | |
| 2.00–2.99 | 280 (15.9) | 40 (17.6) | 111 (16.0) | 73 (16.9) | 56 (13.4) | |
| 3.00–3.99 | 277 (17.1) | 39 (14.3) | 94 (17.3) | 79 (18.7) | 65 (16.9) | |
| 4.00–4.99 | 168 (11.1) | 24 (11.0) | 50 (9.1) | 39 (9.8) | 55 (15.3) | |
| ≥5.00 | 396 (28.1) | 52 (27.3) | 126 (24.0) | 108 (30.2) | 110 (31.9) | |
| BMI3 | <0.0001* | |||||
| Underweight | 24 (1.6) | 4 (2.2) | 10 (1.7) | 6 (1.3) | 4 (1.5) | |
| Normal weight | 519 (31.1) | 103 (43.1) | 164 (28.0) | 146 (34.4) | 106 (24.7) | |
| Overweight | 630 (33.5) | 94 (36.9) | 205 (28.4) | 181 (37.3) | 150 (34.5) | |
| Obese | 663 (33.8) | 55 (17.8) | 299 (41.8) | 139 (27.0) | 170 (39.4) |
1
Values are unweighted sample sizes and weighted percentages except for the total cluster size percentage. The percentages may not add up to 100% owing to rounding. *Significant difference: P < 0.05. PIR, poverty to income ratio.
2
Rao–Scott F adjusted χ2 test is a goodness-of-fit, 1-sided test. Analyses were adjusted for aspects of survey design including stratification, clustering, and weight.
3
BMI: categories were classified based on the WHO (95).