TABLE 3.
Adjusted regression model results for mean BMI with clusters representing joint temporal dietary and physical activity patterns of US adults aged 20–65 y as drawn from the NHANES, 2003–20061
| Adjusted models2 | n, % | BMI,3 kg/m2 | β4 ± SE compared with Cluster 2 | 95% CI | Adjusted P value | β4 ± SE compared with Cluster 3 | 95% CI | Adjusted P value | β4 ± SE compared with Cluster 4 | 95% CI | Adjusted P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cluster 1 | 256 (14.0) | 26.8 ± 0.3 | −1.3 ± 0.6 | −2.9, 0.4 | 0.17 | 0.5 ± 0.5 | −0.8, 1.9 | 0.71 | −3.1 ± 0.5 | −4.6, −1.7* | <0.0001 |
| Cluster 2 | 678 (36.9) | 30.0 ± 0.3 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 0.7, 3.0* | 0.001 | −1.8 ± 0.5 | −3.3, −0.4* | 0.01 | |||
| Cluster 3 | 472 (25.7) | 27.8 ± 0.3 | −3.7 ± 0.5 | −5.1, −2.2* | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Cluster 4 | 430 (23.4) | 29.5 ± 0.3 |
There were significant differences in mean BMI between Clusters 1 and 2, Clusters 1 and 4, Clusters 2 and 3, and Clusters 3 and 4 in the unadjusted model at P < 0.05 (see Supplemental Table 1). *Significant difference: adjusted P < 0.05.
Multiple linear regression models were used and were adjusted for survey year, age group, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty to income ratio, energy misreporting, and total physical activity counts per day.
Values are mean ± SEM.
β represents the difference of mean BMI between 2 compared clusters. Least square means were used to calculate the differences in mean BMI.