TABLE 1.
Clinical data for the study population for infants by formula exposure1
| Not formula-fed, n = 25 | Any formula feeding, n = 21 | Difference in means between groups2 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Infant antibiotic treatment | 18 | 12 | — |
| Infant amp + gent treatment | 15 | 11 | — |
| Infant amp + gent + van treatment | 3 | 1 | — |
| Duration of infant antibiotic treatment, days, median (IQR) | 2 (0–2) | 2 (0–2) | — |
| Maternal antibiotic treatment | 15 | 10 | — |
| Cesarean delivery | 14 | 15 | — |
| Vaginal delivery | 11 | 6 | — |
| Weight at time of sampling, kg, median (IQR) | 1.580 (1.360–1.980) | 2.25 (2.060–2.400) | —3 |
| Sex female | 9 | 10 | —3 |
| Sex male | 16 | 11 | — |
| Infant age, days, median (IQR) | 17.00 (14.00–17.00) | 17.00 (14.00–17.00) | —3 |
| Fortifier | 20 | 0 | —3 |
| Breast milk only | 5 | 0 | — |
| Gestational age, weeks, median (IQR) | 31.43 (29.86–32.86) | 33.86 (33.43–34.00) | —3 |
| Infant infection | 4 | 2 | — |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 0 | 0 | — |
| Prolonged rupture of membranes | 9 | 3 | — |
| No group B Streptococcus | 9 | 14 | — |
| Group B Streptococcus | 6 | 2 | — |
| Unknown group B Streptococcus | 10 | 5 | — |
| Maternal diabetes | 2 | 2 | — |
| Maternal preeclampsia | 3 | 10 | —3 |
| Length of stay in hospital, days, median (IQR) | 38 (26–61) | 21 (18–24) | —3 |
1
n = 46. The table shows the major clinical parameters. Full clinical data are shown in Supplemental Data 1. Abbreviations: amp, ampicillin; gent, gentamycin; van, vancomycin.
2
The column entitled “Difference between groups” indicates instances where the groups were not balanced (Student's t-test).
3Significant difference between groups