TABLE 3.
Joint effects of dietary and supplemental periconceptional folate on risk of cerebral palsy (full data)
| Dietary folate and periconceptional supplementation1 | Pop Total(n) | PopCP(n) | CP overall | PopCP(n) | Unilateral | PopCP(n) | Bilateral | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude | Adjusted2 | Crude | Adjusted2 | Crude | Adjusted2 | |||||
| Low dietary intakes*No | 18,764 | 41 | 1 [Referent] | 1 [Referent] | 3 | 1 [Referent] | 1 [Referent] | 3 | 1 [Referent] | 1 [Referent] |
| Insufficient dietary intakes*No | 10,271 | 22 | 1.03 (0.65–1.64) | 1.06 (0.66–1.69) | 3 | 0.78 (0.39–1.56) | 0.82 (0.41–1.64) | 3 | 1.25 (0.65–2.42) | 1.25 (0.64–2.42) |
| Sufficient dietary intakes*No | 6632 | 8 | 0.76 (0.40–1.42) | 0.79 (0.42–1.49) | 3 | 0.41 (0.11–1.45) | 0.43 (0.12–1.56) | 3 | 1.00 (0.42–2.38) | 0.98 (0.41–2.35) |
| Low dietary intakes*Any | 47,918 | 101 | 1.06 (0.78–1.45) | 1.09 (0.79–1.50) | 3 | 0.73 (0.46–1.18) | 0.68 (0.41–1.11) | 3 | 1.21 (0.76–1.94) | 1.39 (0.86–2.24) |
| Insufficient dietary intakes*Any | 27,601 | 43 | 0.80 (0.55–1.15) | 0.84 (0.58–1.23) | 3 | 0.72 (0.43–1.22) | 0.72 (0.42–1.24) | 3 | 0.83 (0.47–1.46) | 0.92 (0.52–1.64) |
| Sufficient dietary intakes*Any | 16,467 | 30 | 0.97 (0.64–1.46) | 1.03 (0.68–1.57) | 3 | 0.69 (0.37–1.30) | 0.71 (0.37–1.35) | 3 | 1.23 (0.69–2.21) | 1.34 (0.73–2.44) |
Absolute frequencies (n) are presented for complete cases; analyses are based on the full multiple imputation data set. Abbreviations: CP, cerebral palsy; GW, gestational week; PopCP, cases with specified cerebral palsy subtype; PopTotal, total population.
Low dietary intakes are defined as intakes below what is recommended for adults (0–299 μg/day). Insufficient dietary intakes are defined as intakes typically sufficient, but below recommendations for women in the reproductive age (300–399 μg/day). Sufficient dietary intakes are defined as meeting or exceeding the New Nordic Recommendations 2012 for women of reproductive age to consume at minimum 400 dietary folate equivalents. Values are based on midpregnancy dietary folate, as a proxy. Any periconceptional supplementation is defined as any report of supplementation in GWs −4 to 8, while no periconceptional supplementation is defined as no supplementation in the same period.
The adjusted model controlled for maternal age at birth, in vitro fertilization treatment, EPA/DHA supplementation, prepregnancy BMI, smoking, alcohol, dietary folate, and total EPA/DHA.
Clouded due to low number of observations in 1 or more cells