Table 2.

Risk of bias in studies included in the systematic review using the QUADAS2 tool

Study	Risk of bias				Applicability concerns
	Patient selection	Index test	Reference standard	Flow and timing	Patient selection	Index test	Reference standard
Brodaty [20]	LR	UR	HR	LR	LR	HR	LR
Zaganas [27]	UR	LR	LR	HR	LR	LR	LR
Arabi [33]	HR	HR	LR	UR	LR	LR	LR
Arabi 2016 [34]	LR	LR	UR	LR	LR	LR	LR
Chan [31]	UR	LR	LR	UR	HR	LR	LR
Eichler [26]	LR	HR	LR	UR	LR	LR	LR
Grober 2014 [38]	HR	LR	LR	UR	UR	LR	LR
Grober 2017 [39]	HR	HR	LR	UR	UR	LR	LR
Grober 2016 [37]	LR	HR	LR	UR	UR	LR	LR
Iatrakia 2017	HR	HR	HR	UR	UR	UR	LR
Okudur [36]	UR	HR	LR	UR	LR	LR	LR
Larner [23]	UR	HR	HR	LR	HR	LR	UR
Pandhita [27]	LR	HR	UN	LR	HR	HR	HR
Petrazzuoli [30]	LR	HR	HR	LR	LR	UN	LR
Salami 2019 [29]	HR	LR	UN	HR	HR	LR	UN
Shaaban [35]	HR	UN	UN	HR	LR	LR	LR
Stein	LR	UN	LR	HR	LR	LR	LR
Teixeira [32]	HR	LR	UN	HR	LR	LR	UR
Thyrian	HR	UN	UN	HR	UN	LR	LR
Xue [22]	HR	LR	UN	UN	LR	LR	HR
Yang [21]	HR	HR	UN	HR	UN	LR	LR

Note: LR Low Risk, HR High Risk, UR Unclear Risk