Table 2.
Between-Group Comparisons for Primary Outcomes and Secondary Outcomes for the PRP and ESWT Groups at All Follow-Ups
| Follow-Up Time | PRP Group (N=30), Mean (SD) | ESWT Group (N=30), Mean (SD) | Treatment Effects (95% CI)a | Liner Mixed Model Results, P valuea,c | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Groupb | Time | Group×Time | ||||
| Primary outcomes | ||||||
| VAS (0–10) | ||||||
| Baseline | 6.13 (1.28) | 5.97 (1.19) | – | 0.820 | – | – |
| 1-month | 3.40 (1.19) | 3.10 (1.06) | 0.13(−0.42, 0.69) | – | <0.001 | 0.640 |
| 3-month | 2.97 (1.30) | 3.67 (1.27) | −0.83 (−1.39, −0.27) | – | <0.001 | 0.004 |
| 6-month | 3.00 (1.36) | 3.83 (1.39) | −0.96 (−1.52, −0.40) | – | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| 12-month | 3.11 (1.23) | 3.75 (1.11) | −0.82 (−1.39, −0.25) | – | <0.001 | 0.005 |
| PPTs (kg/cm2/second) | ||||||
| Baseline | 2.11 (0.48) | 2.07 (0.45) | – | 0.636 | – | – |
| 1-month | 2.59 (0.37) | 2.61 (0.27) | −0.07 (−0.22, 0.08) | – | <0.001 | 0.341 |
| 3-month | 2.84 (0.31) | 2.63 (0.32) | 0.15 (0.001, 0.30) | – | <0.001 | 0.049 |
| 6-month | 2.73 (0.31) | 2.51 (0.37) | 0.16 (0.01, 0.30) | – | <0.001 | 0.041 |
| 12-month | 2.68 (0.29) | 2.53 (0.27) | 0.11 (−0.04, 0.26) | – | <0.001 | 0.138 |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||
| WOMAC (0–96) | ||||||
| Baseline | 41.87 (9.52) | 40.67 (8.88) | – | 0.727 | – | – |
| 1-month | 29.00 (7.54) | 25.93 (5.76) | 1.87 (−0.89, 4.62) | – | <0.001 | 0.185 |
| 3-month | 24.45 (6.84) | 27.30(6.45) | −4.05 (−6.82, −1.28) | – | <0.001 | 0.005 |
| 6-month | 24.79 (6.75) | 28.40 (6.25) | −4.80 (−7.57, −2.04) | – | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| 12-month | 25.71 (6.42) | 28.36 (5.44) | −4.19 (−7.00, −1.37) | – | <0.001 | 0.004 |
| HHS (0–100) | ||||||
| Baseline | 51.73 (9.15) | 55.64 (9.35) | – | 0.227 | – | – |
| 1-month | 71.25 (9.67) | 73.92 (6.16) | 1.24 (−2.03, 4.51) | – | <0.001 | 0.458 |
| 3-month | 76.07 (8.58) | 73.88 (7.79) | 5.57 (2.28, 8.86) | – | <0.001 | 0.002 |
| 6-month | 75.65 (6.80) | 73.07 (7.56) | 5.96 (2.67, 9.25) | – | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 12-month | 74.17 (8.15) | 72.37 (5.79) | 5.28 (1.94, 8.62) | – | <0.001 | 0.002 |
Notes: aBetween-group difference for mean change from baseline (95% CI); bP of Group indicates the baseline comparisons between the two groups; cLinear mixed model based on five time points (baseline, 1-month, 3-month, 6-month and 12-month follow-up) and adjusted for baseline of the outcome variables, and other baseline demographic characteristic (age, disease duration, body mass index, sex and ARCO stage).
Abbreviations: PRP, platelet-rich plasma; ESWT, extracorporeal shock wave therapy; VAS, visual analogue scale; PPTs, pressure pain thresholds; WOMAC, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index; HHS, Harris Hip Score.