Table 1.
Key inputs for the base case analysis
| Age group |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6–23 months | 2–6 years | 7–17 years | 18–49 years | 50–59 years | 60–64 years | 65–74 years | 75 years and above | |
| Population at high risk of complication if infecteda,b,c | ||||||||
| Proportion | 4.90% | 7.30% | 9.60% | 9.10% | 18.30% | 18.30% | 45.00% | 45.00% |
| Vaccine coveraged | ||||||||
| Low Risk | 0.10% | 28.10% | 27.60% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 68.00% | 80.00% |
| High Risk | 3.10% | 48.60% | 48.60% | 48.60% | 48.60% | 48.60% | 68.00% | 80.00% |
| Probability of hospitalization given infectione | ||||||||
| Low Risk | 3.59% | 2.72% | 0.16% | 0.19% | 0.54% | 0.60% | 3.12% | 3.15% |
| High Risk | 3.16% | 3.46% | 1.03% | 1.18% | 3.25% | 3.61% | 5.69% | 5.75% |
| Case fatality rate (per 1,000 hospitalized cases)e | ||||||||
| Low risk | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.74 | 6.07 | 6.07 | 6.07 | 185.29 | 185.29 |
| High risk | 17.45 | 17.45 | 24.43 | 39.97 | 39.97 | 39.97 | 428.52 | 428.52 |
| Cost of outpatient caref | ||||||||
| Low Risk | £94.35 | £74.73 | £76.24 | £104.07 | £124.51 | £124.51 | £125.35 | £125.35 |
| High Risk | £98.36 | £80.74 | £84.25 | £106.55 | £126.99 | £126.99 | £125.35 | £125.35 |
| Cost of hospital admissionf | ||||||||
| Average | £1,985.33 | £1,985.33 | £2,006.59 | £2,053.65 | £2,451.38 | £2,451.38 | £6,618.61 | £6,618.61 |
aThorrington D, van Leeuwen E, Ramsay M, Pebody R, Baguelin M. Cost-effectiveness analysis of quadrivalent seasonal influenza vaccines in England. BMC Med 2017; 15:166.
bBaguelin M, Camacho A, Flasche S, Edmunds WJ. Extending the elderly- and risk-group programme of vaccination against seasonal influenza in England and Wales: a cost-effectiveness study. BMC Med 2015; 13:236.
cBaguelin M, Flasche S, Camacho A, Demiris N, Miller E, Edmunds WJ. Assessing optimal target populations for influenza vaccination programmes: an evidence synthesis and modeling study. PLoS Med 2013; 10:e1001527.
dThorrington D, van Leeuwen E, Ramsay M, Pebody R, Baguelin M. Assessing optimal use of the standard dose adjuvanted trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in the elderly. Vaccine 2019; 37:2051–6.
eCromer D, van Hoek AJ, Jit M, Edmunds WJ, Fleming D, Miller E. The burden of influenza in England by age and clinical risk group: a statistical analysis to inform vaccine policy. J Infect 2014; 68:363–71.
fPitman RJ, Nagy LD, Sculpher MJ. Cost-effectiveness of childhood influenza vaccination in England and Wales: Results from a dynamic transmission model. Vaccine 2013; 31:927–42.