TABLE 3.

Reports about preventative method for delayed bleeding in gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)

Author, year	Study population	Preventative method	Control	Study design	No. of cases	Results for delayed bleeding (bleeding rate, preventative method vs. control)
Kataoka et al., 2019 86	Patients on AT agents or those with large mucosal resection	PGA sheet	Non‐PGA sheet	RCT	137	No significant difference (4.5% vs. 5.7%)
Ego et al., 2020 87	Patients on AT agents	Mucosal closure	Nonclosure	Retrospective cohort study	400	No significant difference (11.5% vs. 11.9%)
Hatta et al., 2021 82	All patients	SLE	Non‐SLE	Retrospective case–control study	10,319	No significant difference 2.7% vs. 3.1% in low risk 5.7% vs. 5.9% in intermediate risk 12.9% vs. 9.6% in high risk 29.0% vs. 33.3% in very high risk
Abe et al., 2021 34	Patients on vonoprazan or PPI	Vonoprazan	PPI	Retrospective cohort study using database (PS matching)	39,740	Reducing effect in the use of vonoprazan (5.4% vs. 7.5%)

Abbreviations: AT, antithrombotic; PGA, polyglycolic acid; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; PS, propensity score; RCT, randomized controlled trial; SLE, second‐look endoscopy.