Table 4.

Results of multiadjusted linear mixed models on associations between air pollution in ${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$ and ${\mathrm{NO}}_{\mathrm{x}}$ (5-y mean prior baseline assessment, quartiles) and change (score/year) in odor identification in interaction with age at baseline (continuous), development of a cerebrovascular disease during follow-up (yes/no) and development of heart disease during follow-up (yes/no).

	$\text{Change}\times \text{Age}$a $\mathrm{\beta }$ (95% CI)	$p$-Value	$\text{Change}\times \text{Development}$ of cerebrovascular diseaseb $\mathrm{\beta }$ (95% CI)	$p$-Value	$\text{Change}\times \text{Development}$ of heart diseaseb $\mathrm{\beta }$ (95% CI)	$p$-Value
${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$ quartiles
2nd	0.002 ($-0.004$, 0.007)	0.57	0.026 ($-0.113$, 0.165)	0.72	0.051 ($-0.063$, 0.165)	0.38
3rd	$-0.007$ ($-0.006$, $-0.005$)	0.82	0.040 ($-0.098$, 0.178)	0.57	0.058 ($-0.055$, 0.170)	0.31
4th	$-0.005$ ($-0.011$, 0.001)	0.11	0.079 ($-0.065$, 0.223)	0.28	0.102 ($-0.014$, 0.218)	0.08
${\mathrm{NO}}_{\mathrm{x}}$ quartiles
2nd	$-0.002$ ($-0.008$, 0.004)	0.56	0.055 ($-0.087$, 0.197)	0.45	$-0.020$ ($-0.135$, 0.096)	0.74
3rd	$-0.006$ ($-0.012$, 0.000)	0.05	$-0.019$ ($-0.158$, 0.112)	0.79	$-0.010$ ($-0.101$, 0.120)	0.86
4th	$-0.006$ ($-0.012$, $-0.001$)	0.03	0.019 ($-0.128$, 0.149)	0.88	0.063 ($-0.052$, 0.177)	0.28

Note: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ${\mathrm{NO}}_{\mathrm{x}}$, nitrogen oxide; ${\mathrm{PM}}_{2.5}$, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to $2.5\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$.

^a Adjusted for sex, education, odor test version at baseline, baseline assessment year, vocabulary, longest held occupation, BMI, smoking, diabetes, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease.

^bAdjusted for age, sex, education, odor test version at baseline, baseline assessment year, vocabulary, longest held occupation, BMI, smoking, diabetes, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease.