Figure 4.

Chronic Consequences of COVID-19 Infection on the Heart

Most patients with cardiac involvement do fully recover, either with or without scarring (as evident in some follow-up studies). Some patients with persistent infection can develop post-COVID-19 syndrome. The cardiac presentation of this includes pericardial effusion, perimyocarditis (early) or myocardial edema, embolism, and interstitial fibrosis with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (late). Abbreviations as in Figure 1.