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. 2022 Feb 9;7(3):294–308. doi: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.10.011

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© 2022 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

Central Illustration — Long-Term Consequences of Coronavirus Disease-2019–Related Myocarditis Affecting the Structure and Function of the Heart

Some persistent structural abnormalities, including on T1 and T2 sequences on cardiovascular magnetic resonance, were noted in asymptomatic patients, indicating fibrosis and myocardial edema. Ongoing myocardial inflammation as shown by late gadolinium enhancement was also observed in recovered patients. A number of patients with healed myocarditis also showed reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and increased LV volume long after the episode. Functionally, in a small number of patients, new-onset arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation and complete heart block, occurred. Concerns regarding myocardial fitness remain to be addressed, especially in young adult athletes considering return to play.