Table 4.
Joint effects of adherence to DASH and Mediterranean diet on all-cause mortality.
| Adjusted HR (95% CI)a | P | P for trend | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall population | |||
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 0.99 (0.84–1.18) | 0.931 | |
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED >3 | 0.76 (0.65–0.89) | <0.001 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED >3 | 0.72 (0.61–0.85) | <0.001 | |
| Normal glucose tolerance | |||
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 1 (ref) | 0.017 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 1.10 (0.84–1.44) | 0.500 | |
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED >3 | 0.76 (0.60–0.96) | 0.024 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED >3 | 0.79 (0.61–1.02) | 0.073 | |
| Prediabetes | |||
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 1 (ref) | <0.001 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 0.79 (0.61–1.02) | 0.065 | |
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED >3 | 0.65 (0.51–0.82) | <0.001 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED >3 | 0.66 (0.51–0.85) | 0.002 | |
| Diabetes | |||
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 1 (ref) | 0.047 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED ≤ 3 | 1.07 (0.82–1.38) | 0.626 | |
| DASH score ≤ 2 and aMED >3 | 1.00 (0.76–1.32) | 0.995 | |
| DASH score >2 and aMED >3 | 0.71 (0.52–0.99) | 0.042 |
aMED, alternative Mediterranean Diet Index; DASH, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension.
a
Adjusted for age, sex, race, body mass index, history of hypertension, smoking, total cholesterol, chronic kidney disease, and daily energy intake.