TABLE 1.
Characteristics of adults with and without CHDs, MarketScan® Commercial Database, 2017
| Any CHDsa | No CHDsa | Chi square p-value | Severe CHDs | Nonsevere CHDs | Chi square p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Category | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Total | 13,807 | 5,408,094 | 3,977 | 9,830 | |||
| Ageb | 18–29 | 6,101 (44.2) | 1,834,118 (33.9) | <.0001 | 2,005 (50.4) | 4,096 (41.7) | <.0001 |
| 30–39 | 3,731 (27.0) | 1,623,249 (30.0) | 1,157 (29.1) | 2,574 (26.2) | |||
| 40–49 | 3,975 (28.8) | 1,950,727 (36.1) | 815 (20.5) | 3,160 (32.1) | |||
| Sex | Female | 7,046 (51.0) | 3,014,883 (55.7) | <.0001 | 2,024 (50.9) | 5,022 (51.1) | .8348 |
| Male | 6,761 (49.0) | 2,393,211 (44.3) | 1,953 (49.1) | 4,808 (48.9) | |||
| Region of residence | Northeast | 3,412 (24.8) | 1,026,338 (19.0) | <.0001 | 848 (21.4) | 2,564 (26.2) | <.0001 |
| North Central | 3,176 (23.1) | 1,258,393 (23.3) | 1,007 (25.4) | 2,169 (22.1) | |||
| South | 5,039 (36.6) | 2,239,758 (41.5) | 1,480 (37.3) | 3,559 (36.3) | |||
| West | 2,137 (15.5) | 866,985 (16.1) | 632 (15.9) | 1,505 (15.4) | |||
| Missing | 43 (0) | 16,620 (0) | 10 (0) | 33 (0) | |||
| Outpatient encounters without mental health psychosocial treatmentc | 0 encounters | 26 (0.2) | 20,448 (0.4) | <.0001 | 6 (0.2) | 20 (0.2) | .5176 |
| 1–5 encounters | 5,232 (37.9) | 3,089,281 (57.1) | 1,468 (36.9) | 3,764 (38.3) | |||
| 6–10 encounters | 3,302 (23.9) | 1,136,957 (21.0) | 957 (24.1) | 2,345 (23.9) | |||
| 11–15 encounters | 1,862 (13.5) | 493,536 (9.1) | 532 (13.4) | 1,330 (13.5) | |||
| 16–20 encounters | 1,092 (7.9) | 255,469 (4.7) | 331 (8.3) | 761 (7.7) | |||
| More than 20 encounters | 2,293 (16.6) | 412,403 (7.6) | 683 (17.2) | 1,610 (16.4) | |||
| Inpatient admissionc | Yes | 1,738 (12.6) | 274,812 (5.1) | <.0001 | 539 (13.6) | 1,199 (12.2) | .0297 |
| No | 12,069 (87.4) | 5,133,282 (94.9) | 3,438 (86.4) | 8,631 (87.8) | |||
| Surgical cardiovascular encounterc,d | 0 | 13,538 (98.1) | 5,405,933 (100.0) | <.0001 | 3,888 (97.8) | 9,650 (98.2) | .1174 |
| 1+ | 269 (1.9) | 2,161 (0.04) | 89 (2.2) | 180 (1.8) | |||
| Catheterization cardiovascular encounterc,d | 0 | 13,305 (96.4) | 5,393,201 (99.7) | <.0001 | 3,686 (92.7) | 9,619 (97.9) | <.0001 |
| 1 | 390 (2.8) | 10,198 (0.2) | 222 (5.6) | 168 (1.7) | |||
| 2+ | 112 (0.8) | 4,695 (0.1) | 69 (1.7) | 43 (0.4) | |||
| Noninvasive cardiovascular encounterc,d | 0 | 5,799 (42.0) | 4,699,637 (86.9) | <.0001 | 1,057 (26.6) | 4,742 (48.2) | <.0001 |
| 1 | 4,204 (30.4) | 520,531 (9.6) | 1,350 (33.9) | 2,854 (29.0) | |||
| 2+ | 3,804 (27.6) | 187,926 (3.5) | 1,570 (39.5) | 2,234 (22.7) |
Note: Boldface indicates statistical significance at α < .05.
Abbreviation: CHD, congenital heart defect.
CHDs were defined using International Classification of Disease (ICD) 9 and 10 codes; Individuals were considered to have CHDs if they had at least two ICD codes separated by at least 30 days in outpatient encounter data, or at least one ICD code in inpatient encounter data. Individuals were considered to have severe CHDs if they had ICD codes for common truncus, transposition of the great arteries, complete transposition of the great arteries not otherwise specific, double outlet right ventricle or incomplete transposition of the great arteries, corrected transposition of the great arteries, other transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, single ventricle or cor triloculare, endocardial cushion defect, endocardial cushion defect unspecified, atrial septal defect primum, endocardial cushion defect other specified, pulmonary valve atresia or absence, tricuspid atresia, stenosis or absence, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interrupted aortic arch, total anomalous pulmonary venous return.
Age as of January 1, 2017.
In 2017.
Any inpatient or outpatient encounter that included cardiovascular procedure code.