Intervention(s) and comparator(s)	Duration of intervention (duration of follow‐up) [days, months, years ...]	Description of participants	Trial period [year to year]	Country	Setting	Ethnic groups [%]	Duration of diabetes [mean/range years (SD), or as reported]
Umpierrez 2004a	I: s.c. insulin lispro	Resolution of DKA: mean 10 h (mean hospital stay: 4 d)	Adults with "uncomplicated" DKA (not stated if type 1 or 2 diabetes)	‐	USA	Regional medical centre DKA established in the ED Regular medicine ward, intermediate care unit (step‐down unit)	African American: 75	6.7 (5)
	C: i.v. regular insulin	Resolution of DKA: mean 11 h (mean hospital stay: 4 d)				Regional medical centre DKA established in the ED ICU	African American: 80	6.9 (4)
Umpierrez 2004b	I1: s.c. insulin aspart, every hour	Resolution of DKA: mean 10 h (mean hospital stay: 3.4 d)	Adults with "uncomplicated" DKA (not stated if type 1 or 2 diabetes)	‐	USA	Regional medical centre DKA established in the ED General medical ward or step‐down unit	‐	‐
	I2: s.c. insulin aspart, every 2 h	Resolution of DKA: mean 10.7 h (mean hospital stay: 3.9 d)
	C: i.v. regular insulin	Resolution of DKA: mean 11 h (mean hospital stay: 4.5 d)				Regional medical centre DKA established in the ED ICU
Della Manna 2005	I: s.c. insulin lispro	Resolution of metabolic acidosis/ketosis: "in the next 6 h interval" (later than after i.v. regular insulin) Resolution of DKA: 12 h after capillary glucose < 250 mg/dL (mean hospital stay 2‐3 d)	Children and adolescents with DKA	2001 to 2003	Brazil	University children's hospital, 57 DKA episodes treated in ED, 3 DKA episodes treated in ICU	‐	‐
	C: i.v. regular insulin	Resolution of metabolic acidosis/ketosis: 6 h after capillary glucose ≤ 250 mg/dL Resolution of DKA: 12 h after capillary glucose < 250 mg/dL (mean hospital stay 2‐3 d)
Ersöz 2006	I: s.c. insulin lispro	Resolution of DKA: no data (hospital stay: no data)	Adults with mild or moderate DKA (not stated if type 1 or 2 diabetes)	‐	Turkey	‐	‐	3.9 (4.5)
	C: i.v. regular insulin							4.5 (4.3)
Karoli 2011	I: s.c. insulin lispro	Resolution of DKA: mean 12 h (mean hospital stay 6 d)	Adults with mild to moderate DKA (> 50% of participants had type 2 diabetes)	2009 to 2010	India	Teaching hospital, ED	‐	6.4 (5)
	C: i.v. regular insulin	Resolution of DKA: mean 11 h (mean hospital stay 6.6 d)				Teaching hospital, ICU		6.8 (4)
‐ denotes not reported C: comparator; d: days; DKA: diabetic ketoacidosis; ED: emergency department; h: hours; I: intervention; ICU: intensive care unit; i.v.: intravenous; s.c.: subcutaneous; SD: standard deviation