Table 3.
Effect of the interventions on the oxidative parameters in the liver of rats.
| Variables in the liver | Interventions | F/p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Control | Propolis | CCl4 | Propolis + CCl4 | ||
| Malondialdehyde (nmol/g tissue) | 64.03 ± 6.65 | 29.23 ± 1.74* | 93.04 ± 8.86* | 44.50 ± 6.83 | 108/0.00 |
| Protein carbonyl formation (µmol/mg prot) | 4.26 ± 0.55 | 3.44 ± 0.14* | 7.14 ± 0.84* | 2.75 ± 0.11*# | 84.4/0.00 |
| Advanced oxidation protein products (nmol/mg prot) | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.01* | 0.08 ± 0.02* | 0.05 ± 0.01# | 12/0.00 |
| Catalase (mmol H2 O2/mg prot) | 8.17 ± 1.16 | 12.14 ± 1.50* | 3.72 ± 0.61* | 10.50 ± 1.16*# | 51.7/0.00 |
| Glutathione peroxidase (nmol GSH/min/mg prot) | 2.48 ± 0.15 | 3.13 ± 0.35* | 1.90 ± 0.10* | 2.78 ± 0.17# | 33.3/0.00 |
| GSH (mg/g tissue) | 7.10 ± 1.59 | 8.62 ± 1.30 | 3.90 ± 0.02* | 6.56 ± 1.04# | 17.5/0.00 |
| Ascorbic acid (mg/g tissue) | 165.22 ± 7.41 | 189.28 ± 9.98* | 113.38 ± 11.99* | 150.49 ± 6.93*# | 71.1/0.00 |
*
p < 0.05 compared to the control group,
#
p < 0.05 compared to the CCl4 group. CCl4 = Carbon tetrachloride,
GSH = Reduced glutathione