Figure 2.

Echocardiography parameters in mice. Effects of sepsis on left ventricular function in mice at 6 h and 24 h after CLP and the protective effect of UFH (A, left panel). Mice were treated with UFH (3 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection at 4 h and 16 h after CLP to examine the potential protective effects (A). Effects of EH on left ventricular function in mice at designated time points (B). Beneficial role of histone neutralizing reagents (C). Both UFH and AADH (3 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally at 30 min before EH. EH, extracellular histones; EF, ejection fraction; CO, cardiac output; LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume; UFH, unfractionated heparin; AADH, antithrombin affinity-depleted heparin. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n=3 mice per group), *P<0.05 vs. sham (A, left panel), or respective control group (B, middle panel; C, right panel); #P<0.05 vs. respective CLP group (A, left panel).