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. 2022 Feb 7;15:11786469211070533. doi: 10.1177/11786469211070533

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© The Author(s) 2022

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 2. — Tryptophan metabolism pathway in the intestines.

Kynurenine is catalyzed by various enzyme to metabolites in the intestines in 3 pathways.

Abbreviations: AA, anthranilic acid; IDO1, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 1; KAT, Kyn aminotransferase; KMO, Kyn 3-monooxygenase KMO; Kyn, kynurenine; KYNA, kynurenic acid; KYNU, kynureninase; QUIN, quinolinic acid; TRP, tryptophan; 3-HAA, 3-hydroxy anthranilic acid; 3HAO, 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3.4-dioxygenase; 3HK, 3-hydroxykynurenine.