Influence of the gut microbiota on metabolism in regulating appetite and energy balance. Role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in metabolite-satiety control, glucose homeostasis, immune-related satiety control, and peripheral energy metabolism. Abbreviation: SCFAs; short-chain fatty acids, Trp; tryptophan, LPS; lipopolysaccharide, C1pB; Caseinolytic Mitochondrial Matrix Peptidase Chaperone Subunit B, GDF15; growth differentiation factor 15, PYY; peptide YY, GLP-1; glucagon-like peptide 1.