Ek 2018.

Study characteristics
Methods	Trial acronym: none reported Design: international, open‐label RCT Median follow‐up: 41 (IQR 21–81) months for participants still alive
Participants	Patients with histologically or cytologically verified newly diagnosed small‐cell lung cancer of all stages Mean age: 67 (SD 7.9) years in enoxaparin group; 68 (SD 8.5) years in control group Gender, n (%) males: 78 (42%) in enoxaparin group; 82 (43%) in control group Metastatic disease, n (%): extensive disease: 114 (61%) in enoxaparin group; 113 (59%) in control group Previous VTE: not reported
Interventions	Intervention: enoxaparin at a supraprophylactic dose (1 mg/kg) in addition to standard treatment. Enoxaparin was started on day 1 of chemotherapy and continued until the 21st day of the last chemotherapy cycle Control: standard treatment
Outcomes	Primary outcome: overall survival Secondary outcomes were progression‐free survival, incidence of VTE and haemorrhagic events
Notes	Funding: Swedish Research Councile (to MB, grant number: 2014‐3421); the Swedish Cancer Society (to MB, grant number: 2014/378); the Skane University Hospital donation funds (to MB, no grant number); the Medical Faculty, Lund University (to MB, no grant number); the Governmental funding of clinical research within the national health services (ALF) (to MB and EG, no grant number); the Gunnar Nilsson, Anna Lisa and Sven Eric Lundgren and Kamprad Foundations (to MB, no grant number); a restricted grant support from Sanofi Aventis, Sweden (to LE, no grant number); a donation by Viveca Jeppsson (to MB, no grant number); and received honoraria from Leo Pharma, AstraZeneca and Pfizer (to MB, no grant number) Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest: "the authors have declared no conflicts of interest." Publication format: full‐text publication
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "The randomization procedure was conducted at the Clinical Research Unit at Lund University Hospital, using a computer algorithm." Comment: adequate method of sequence generation.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Quote: "The randomization procedure was conducted at the Clinical Research Unit at Lund University Hospital, using a computer algorithm." Comment: adequate method of allocation concealment.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Quote: "international, open‐label trial."
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Comment: 13/574 (3.3%) participants enrolled in the study were not considered for the analysis. Exclusions per trial group were reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Comment: all outcomes reported in the methods section were addressed in the results or discussion section