Table 1.
Population demographics, PHQ-9 total scores, and PHQ-9 mean scores by year. PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; SD, standard deviation.
| year | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | total | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 12,853) | (n = 12,796) | (n = 12,629) | (n = 12,265) | (n = 12,355) | (n = 62,898) | ||||||||
| age | |||||||||||||
| mean±S.D. | 22.4 ± 3.9 | 22.4 ± 3.8 | 22.4 ± 3.8 | 22.4 ± 4 | 23.4 ± 5.9a | 22.6 ± 4.3 | |||||||
| sex | n, (%) | ||||||||||||
| female | 5148 | (40.1%) | 5076 | (39.7%) | 5101 | (40.4%) | 4871 | (39.7%) | 5081 | (41.1%) | 25,277 | (40.2%) | |
| male | 7705 | (59.9%) | 7720 | (60.3%) | 7528 | (59.6%) | 7394 | (60.3%) | 7274 | (58.9%) | 37,621 | (59.8%) | |
| Student status | n, (%) | ||||||||||||
| undergraduate | 8502 | (66.1%) | 8489 | (66.3%)a | 8317 | (65.9%) | 8072 | (65.8%) | 7823 | (63.3%)b | 41,203 | (65.5%) | |
| graduate | 4014 | (31.2%)a | 4015 | (31.4%)a | 4006 | (31.7%) | 3927 | (32.0%) | 4336 | (35.1%)b | 20,298 | (32.3%) | |
| other | 337 | (2.6%)a | 292 | (2.3%) | 306 | (2.4%) | 266 | (2.2%) | 196 | (1.6%)b | 1397 | (2.2%) | |
| PHQ-9 total | |||||||||||||
| mean±S.D. | 2.7 | ±3.4 | 2.8 | ±3.4 | 2.8 | ±3.4 | 2.9 | ±3.5 | 4.0 | ±4.2c | |||
| PHQ-9 total≧10 | |||||||||||||
| n, (%) | 595 | (4.6%)a | 623 | (4.9%)a | 627 | (5.0%)a | 649 | (5.3%)a | 1190 | (9.6%)a | |||
a
one-way ANOVA, p<0.001.
b
χ2test p<0.05 and adjusted residual >1.96.
c
Kruskal–Wallis test, p<0.001.