Table 1.

Description of the five datasets included in the secondary data analysis

Dataset	Abbreviation	Region	Collection period(s)	Ages (years)
Millennium Cohort Study (longitudinal)*43	MCS	UK	2008	9 months, 3, 5, 7, 11, 14, 17
Smoking and Drinking Survey of Young People†51	SDSYP	England	2014	7 to 11
Health Behaviour in School Children (Wales)†65	HBSC	Wales	2013/14 and 2017/18	11, 13 and 15
National Diet and Nutrition Survey66	NDNS	UK	2014 to 2016	1.5 to 18
Young Persons’ Behaviour and Attitudes Survey67	YPBAS	N Ireland	2016	8 to 12

*Only collected data on CED consumption at age 7 years (2008). Fewer than five parents reported that their child (out of >13 500 children) would drink CEDs between meals and the data were not used in analyses.

†Used to explore associations with hypothesised antecedents or consequences of CED consumption.

CED, caffeinated energy drinks.