Table 1.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with low, normal, and elevated low-density lipoprotein levels (entire cohort, n = 740)
| Variables | LDL< 50 mg/dL | LDL 51–130 mg/dL | LDL>130 mg/dL | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (% of total) | 58 (8%) | 608 (82%) | 74 (10%) | N/A |
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age (y) | 12 ± 3 | 13 ± 3 | 14 ± 3 | .04 |
| Sex (N, %male) | 34 (59%) | 377 (62%) | 47% (64%) | .84 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| N (%) Hispanic | 11 (19%) | 128 (21%) | 5 (7%) | .02 |
| N (%) Non-Hispanic | 47 (81%) | 480 (79%) | 69 (93%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.9 ± 6.0 | 34.9 ± 7.4 | 36.7 ± 7.0 | <.01 |
| BMI category (n; %) | ||||
| Overweight | 2 (3%) | 21 (3%) | 3 (4%) | .97 |
| Class I obesity | 16 (28%) | 134 (22%) | 10 (14%) | .13 |
| Class II obesity | 26 (45%) | 221 (36%) | 24 (32%) | .32 |
| Class III obesity | 13 (22%) | 229 (38%) | 37 (50%) | <.01 |
| WC (cm) | 97 ± 13 | 110 ± 18 | 111 ± 13 | .01 |
| WC to height ratio | 0.63 ± 0.07 | 0.68 ± 0.08 | 0.69 ± 0.06 | .05 |
| Laboratory values | ||||
| ALT (U/L) | 69 ± 41 | 75 ± 56 | 97 ± 77 | <.01 |
| AST (U/L) | 39 ± 21 | 44 ± 31 | 62 ± 62 | <.01 |
| GGT (U/L) | 34 ± 19 | 42 ± 40 | 73 ± 78 | <.01 |
| ALP (U/L) | 220 ± 105 | 208 ± 113 | 189 ± 103 | .26 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 106 ± 22 | 156 ± 25 | 222 ± 26 | <.01 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 37 ± 10 | 89 ± 20 | 152 ± 20 | <.01 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 40 ± 13 | 39 ± 9 | 38 ± 11 | .52 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 139 ± 106 | 145 ± 93 | 176 ± 106 | .02 |
| HbA1c% | 5.2 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.7 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | .26 |
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; GGT, gamma glutamyl transferase; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; WC, waist circumference.
The results are presented as means ± standard deviation, unless otherwise indicated.