Table 1.
Demographics of Participants in VIRUS Registry by AKI status
| Total | No AKI | AKI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6874 | 4155 (60.5) | 2719 (39.6) | |
| Age, years, median (IQR) | 60 (44–71) | 55 (39–68) | 65 (53–75) |
| Age Categories | |||
| < 20 years | 621 (9) | 450 (11) | 171 (6) |
| 20 to < 40 years | 772 (11) | 615 (15) | 157 (6) |
| 40 to < 60 years | 2038 (30) | 1359 (33) | 679 (25) |
| 60 to < 80 years | 2647 (39) | 1375 (33) | 1272 (47) |
| ≥ 80 years | 796 (12) | 356 (9) | 440 (16) |
| BMI categorya | |||
| Underweight | 137 (2) | 78 (2) | 59 (2) |
| Normal | 1270 (19) | 832 (20) | 438 (16) |
| Overweight | 1620 (24) | 965 (23) | 655 (24) |
| Obesity | 1666 (24) | 921 (22) | 745 (27) |
| Severe Obesity | 552 (8) | 302 (7) | 250 (9) |
| Unknown | 1629 (24) | 1057 (25) | 572 (21) |
| Sex (male)b | 3998 (58) | 2327 (56) | 1671 (62) |
| Race/Ethnicityb | |||
| White, non-Hispanic | 2189 (32) | 1273 (31) | 916 (34) |
| White, Hispanic | 523 (8) | 335 (8) | 188 (7) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 1353 (20) | 700 (17) | 653 (24) |
| Black, Hispanic | 50 (0.7) | 37 (0.9) | 13 (0.5) |
| Asian American | 95 (1) | 53 (1) | 42 (2) |
| South Asian | 1027 (15) | 842 (20) | 185 (7) |
| East Asian | 36 (0.5) | 20 (0.5) | 16 (0.6) |
| West Asian | 106 (2) | 61 (2) | 45 (2) |
| Other/mixed | 845 (12) | 511 (12) | 334 (12) |
| White, ethnicity not specified | 402 (6) | 184 (4) | 218 (8) |
| Black, ethnicity not specified | 76 (1) | 36 (0.9) | 40 (2) |
| Location of Center | |||
| United States | 4984 (73) | 2872 (69) | 2112 (78) |
| Non-United States | 1890 (28) | 1283 (31) | 607 (22) |
| Number of Comorbidities, median (IQR) | 2 (1, 4) | 2 (1, 4) | 3 (1, 5) |
| Healthy (no comorbidities) | 1356 (20) | 1020 (25) | 336 (12) |
| Comorbiditiesc | |||
| Hypertension | 3404 (50) | 1722 (41) | 1682 (62) |
| Diabetes | 2279 (33) | 1169 (28) | 1110 (41) |
| Heart Disease | 1577 (23) | 732 (18) | 845 (31) |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 754 (11) | 339 (8) | 415 (15) |
| Asthma | 757 (11) | 478 (12) | 279 (10) |
| Chronic lung disease, not asthma | 1395 (20) | 770 (19) | 625 (23) |
| Stroke/ Neurological disorder | 818 (12) | 447 (11) | 371 (14) |
| Cancer | 904 (13) | 497 (12) | 407 (15) |
| Pre-Hospital Medications | |||
| ACE-I/ARBs | 1497 (22) | 756 (18) | 741 (27) |
| Diuretics | 179 (3) | 77 (2) | 102 (4) |
| NSAIDs | 610 (9) | 377 (9) | 233 (9) |
| Aspirin | 1127 (16) | 554 (13) | 573 (21) |
| Severity of Diseased | |||
| Mild disease | 2710 (39) | 1950 (47) | 760 (28) |
| Moderate disease | 2064 (30) | 1389 (33) | 675 (25) |
| Severe disease | 2100 (31) | 816 (20) | 1284 (47) |
| Ever admitted to ICU (yes) | 4075 (59) | 2149 (52) | 1926 (71) |
| SARS-CoV2 Testing | |||
| PCR+ | 6409 (93) | 3858 (93) | 2551 (94) |
| Antibody+ | 98 (1) | 45 (1) | 53 (2) |
| PCR and antibody+ | 367 (5) | 252 (6) | 115 (4) |
Data presented as number (column percentile), except where specified. ACE-I = angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitors; AKI Acute kidney injury, ARB Angiotensin receptor blockers, BMI Body mass index, ECMO Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ICU Intensive care unit, IQR Interquartile range, NSAID Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, PCR Polymerase chain reaction, VIRUS Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study
aBMI Category defined by CDC. Weight-for-height percentiles used for those < 2 years of age, BMI percentiles used for those 2–17 years of age and categorized as underweight for < 5%, normal for 5–85%, overweight for 85–95%, obesity for > 95%. BMI categories for those ≥18 years of age defined as underweight <BMI 18.5, normal BMI 18.5- < 25, overweight BMI 25- < 30, obesity BMI 30- < 40, and severe obesity BMI ≥ 40
bMissing data: Sex missing for 1 participant. Race/ethnicity data missing for 172 participants
cMultiple comorbidities allowed. Most common ones presented. Heart disease defined as heart failure, coronary artery disease, arrythmias, valvular disease
dSeverity of disease is defined as: severe disease is a composite of the use of invasive organ support therapy (ventilation, use of vasopressor(s) and/or inotrope(s), and/or use of ECMO); moderate disease is defined as patient admitted to an ICU but did not have any of the invasive organ support therapies as defined for severe disease; and mild disease is defined as neither an ICU admission nor invasive organ support therapies for severe disease