TABLE 2.
Matched unadjusted analysis of factors associated with severe maternal morbidity among women with a documented delivery from a large healthcare system's electronic health record from March 1, 2016, to August 30, 2019 (n = 1,346)
| Parameter | Total n (%)/mean (SD) |
Severe maternal morbidity n (%)/Mean (SD) |
No severe maternal morbidity n (%)/Mean (SD) |
Odds ratio 95% (CI) |
χ 2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | 1,346 (100.0) | 94 (7.0) | 1,252 (93.0) | |||
| Age at delivery (range 18–44) | 29.9 ± 5.6 | 29.9 ± 5.0 | 29.9 ± 5.7 | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 0.00 | 0.9675 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic/Latina | 148 (11.2) | 7 (7.5) | 141 (11.5) | 0.73 (0.31–1.67) | 1.76 | 0.1841 |
| Non-Hispanic/Latina Black | 128 (9.7) | 12 (12.8) | 116 (9.45) | 1.51 (0.76–3.00) | 1.66 | 0.1977 |
| Other* | 482 (36.5) | 39 (41.5) | 443 (36.1) | 1.29 (0.81–2.06) | 0.85 | 0.3575 |
| Non-Hispanic/Latina White | 563 (42.6) | 36 (38.3) | 527 (93.6) | -- | ||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Single | 625 (46.6) | 50 (53.2) | 575 (46.1) | 1.49 (0.96–2.32) | 0.07 | 0.7952 |
| Divorced, separated, widowed | 62 (4.6) | 8 (8.5) | 54 (4.3) | 2.54 (1.13–5.75) | 3.44 | 0.0636 |
| Married | 654 (48.8) | 36 (38.3) | 618 (49.6) | -- | ||
| BMI at delivery (range 17.2–83.5) | 32.3 ± 7.2 | 33.2 ± 8.6 | 32.2 ± 7.1 | 1.01 (1.00–1.04) | 0.79 | 0.3750 |
| ≥1 previous pregnancy at ≥20 weeks | ||||||
| No | 1214 (90.2) | 85 (90.4) | 1129 (90.2) | 1.03 (0.50–2.01) | 0.01 | 0.9380 |
| Yes | 132 (9.8) | 9 (5.6) | 123 (9.8) | -- | ||
| Health insurance | ||||||
| Public | 330 (24.5) | 18 (19.2) | 312 (24.9) | 1.22 (0.37–4.03) | 0.63 | 0.4262 |
| No insurance | 48 (3.6) | 3 (3.2) | 45 (3.6) | 0.87 (0.25–3.06) | 0.37 | 0.5287 |
| Private | 968 (71.9) | 73 (77.7) | 895 (71.5) | -- | ||
| Substance-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 673 (50.0) | 61 (64.9) | 612 (48.9) | 1.93 (1.26–3.00) | 8.71 | 0.0032 |
| No | 673 (50.0) | 33 (35.1) | 640 (51.1) | -- | ||
| Serious mental illness | ||||||
| Yes | 114 (8.5) | 11 (11.7) | 103 (8.2) | 1.48 (0.76–2.86) | 1.35 | 0.2459 |
| No | 1232 (91.5) | 83 (88.3) | 1149 (91.8) | -- | ||
| Non-serious mental illness | ||||||
| Yes | 490 (36.4) | 45 (47.9) | 445 (35.5) | 1.67 (1.09–2.54) | 5.64 | 0.0175 |
| No | 856 (63.6) | 49 (52.1) | 807 (64.5) | |||
| Preexisting health condition | ||||||
| Yes | 698 (51.9) | 72 (76.6) | 626 (50.0) | 3.27 (2.00–5.34) | 22.47 | <0.0001 |
| No | 648 (48.1) | 22 (23.4) | 626 (50.0) | |||
Note: Women (n = 10,125) with and without a substance-related diagnosis were matched on age at delivery, body mass index (BMI) at delivery, one or more previous pregnancies at ≥ 20 weeks and ending in a live birth or stillbirth (yes/no), preexisting health condition (yes/no), and delivery year. Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
Other race/ethnicity includes American Indian/Alaskan Native (n = 8), Asian/Pacific Islander (n = 88), and other race or mixed race/ethnicity (n = 386). Age at delivery by SMM: n = 94, median = 30, range = 19–42. Age at delivery by non-SMM: n = 1,252, median = 30, range = 19–42. BMI at delivery by SMM: n = 94, median = 31, range = 20.4–71.5. BMI at delivery by non-SMM: n = 1,252, median = 30.8, range = 18.8–66.5. p-values based on the chi-square (X2) tests of significance for categorical data or F for continuous data.