TABLE 5.
Matched adjusted logistic regression analysis of substance-related diagnosis types and severe maternal morbidity among women with a documented delivery from a large healthcare system's electronic health record from March 1, 2016, to August 30, 2019 (n = 1,346)
| Parameter | Total n (%) |
Severe maternal morbidity n (%) |
No severe maternal morbidity n (%) |
Adjusted odds ratio 95% (CI) |
χ 2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alcohol-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 75 (5.6) | 13 (13.8) | 62 (5.0) | 3.07 (1.58–5.95) | 10.93 | 0.0009 |
| No | 1,271 (94.4) | 81 (86.2) | 1,190 (95.0) | -- | ||
| Opioid-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 142 (10.6) | 9 (9.6) | 133 (10.6) | 0.68 (0.33–1.42) | 1.04 | 0.3074 |
| No | 1,204 (89.5) | 85 (90.4) | 1,119 (89.4) | -- | ||
| Cannabis-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 241 (17.9) | 19 (20.2) | 222 (17.7) | 1.09 (0.64–1.87) | 0.10 | 0.7495 |
| No | 1,105 (82.1) | 75 (79.8) | 1,030 (82.3) | -- | ||
| Stimulant-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 193 (14.3) | 22 (23.4) | 171 (13.7) | 1.62 (1.00–2.72) | 3.31 | 0.0687 |
| No | 1,153 (85.7) | 72 (76.6) | 1,081 (86.3) | -- | ||
| Nicotine-related diagnosis | ||||||
| Yes | 258 (19.2) | 27 (28.7) | 231 (18.5) | 1.60 (1.00–2.60) | 3.59 | 0.0581 |
| No | 1,088 (80.8) | 67 (71.3) | 1,021 (81.6) | -- | ||
Note: Women with and without a substance-related diagnosis were matched on age at delivery, body mass index (BMI) at delivery, one or more previous pregnancies at ≥20 weeks and ending in a live birth or stillbirth (yes/no), preexisting health condition (yes/no), and delivery year. Each adjusted model by substance type controls for the other covariates that were found to be significantly associated with SMM in the unadjusted analyses (i.e., preexisting health condition and nonserious mental illness). The results for preexisting health condition and nonserious mental illness by substance type are available upon request. p-values based on the chi-square (χ2) tests of significance for categorical data. Variable totals may not sum to column totals due to missing data.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation.