FIGURE 1: Cutibacterium acnes biogeography at high spatial resolution and high genetic resolution.
(A) We collected C. acnes colonies from sebaceous skin regions (forehead, nose, right cheek, left cheek, chin, shoulder, back) from 16 healthy adult subjects. Samples were acquired at coarse spatial resolution with a toothpick (scrapes; N=155) and fine spatial resolution (pore extracts and pore strips; N=145). This approach enabled us to examine C. acnes biogeography with spatial resolution down to a single pore (sebaceous follicle). (B) To understand how these samples were related to each other, we performed whole genome sequencing on 947 colonies (1-15 per sample), each of which represents the genetic content of a single cell that originated on the skin of one of our subjects. This approach enabled us to examine C. acnes biogeography with genetic resolution down to a single nucleotide variant (SNV). (C) Summary of samples studied, showing the number of colonies passing quality filters for each subject along with the breakdown of sample types (for more detail, see Methods and Table S1).