Table 7.

Screening and Monitoring for Malignancy in IBD Patients Receiving Thiopurines

Lymphoma/leukemia	Screen for EBV infection before initiating thiopurines
	Monitor for development of signs and symptoms of possible lymphoma
Nonmelanoma skin cancer	Lifelong sun protection
	Yearly surveillance by dermatologist
Cervical cancer	HPV vaccine against HPV types 16 and 18 to all females between the age of 9 and 26 years
	Regular Pap smear examination as per gynaecologists’ recommendation
Colorectal cancer	Screening colonoscopy 8 to 10 years after the IBD diagnosis, and surveillance colonoscopy every 1 to 2 years thereafter

EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HPV, human papillomavirus; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease.