Table 3.
BCT groupings and total number of BCTs by health-related behavior
| All (n = 251) | Smoking (n = 92) | Diet (n = 39) | Physical activity (n = 20) | Alcohol (n = 8) | Sexual health (n = 44) | Multiple targets (n = 48) | p* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (n) | ||||||||
| Shaping knowledge (BCT36–39) | 86.5 (217) | 92.4 (85)a,c | 89.7 (35) a,b,c | 55.0 (11)b | 50.0 (4)a,b | 95.5 (42)c | 83.3 (40)a,b,c | <.001 |
| Antecedents (BCT30–35) | 53.0 (133) | 76.1 (70)a | 56.4 (22)a,b | 35.0 (7)b,c | 0 (0)c | 43.2 (19)b,c | 31.2 (15)b,c | <.001 |
| Regulation (BCT4–7) | 47.7 (119) | 78.3 (72)a | 35.9 (14)b,d | 0 (0)c | 0 (0)b,c | 52.3 (23)b | 20.8 (10)c,d | <.001 |
| Social support (BCT1–3) |
44.6 (112) | 43.5 (40) | 33.3 (13) | 50.0 (10) | 87.5 (7) | 38.6 (17) | 52.1 (25) | .062 |
| Comparison of outcomes (BCT74–BCT76) | 37.1 (93) | 44.6 (41)a,b | 20.5 (8)a | 25.0 (5)a,b | 25.0 (2)a,b | 22.7 (10)a | 56.3 (27)b | .001 |
| Feedback and monitoring (BCT8–14) | 27.1 (68) | 9.8 (9)a | 38.5 (15)b | 20.0 (4)a,b | 75.0 (6)b | 25.0 (11)a,b | 47.9 (23)b | <.001 |
| Goals and planning (BCT65–73) |
26.7 (67) | 16.3 (15)a | 20.5 (8)a | 30.0 (6)a,b | 50.0 (4)a,b | 20.5 (9)a | 52.1 (25)b | <.001 |
| Natural consequences (BCT82–87) | 22.7 (57) | 8.7 (8)a | 23.1 (9)a,b | 15.0 (3)a,b | 12.5 (1)a,b | 45.5 (20)b | 33.3 (16)b | <.001 |
| Self-beliefs (BCT40–43) | 22.3 (56) | 28.3 (26)a | 2.6 (1)b | 40.0 (8)a | 37.5 (3)a,b | 27.3 (12)a | 12.5 (6)a,b | <.001 |
| Repetition and substitution (BCT23–29) | 10.0 (25) | 0 (0)a | 7.7 (3)a | 10.0 (2)a,b | 0 (0)a,b | 4.5 (2)a | 37.5 (18)b | <.001 |
| Comparison of behavior (BCT88–90) | 9.6 (24) | 1.1 (1)a | 7.7 (3)a,b | 0 (0)a,b | 0 (0)a,b | 13.6 (6)a,b | 29.2 (14)b | <.001 |
| Associations (BCT15–22) | 9.2 (23) | 8.7 (8) | 7.7 (3) | 15.0 (3) | 0 (0) | 9.1 (4) | 10.4 (5) | .783 |
| Reward and threat (BCT54–64) |
6.8 (17) | 6.5 (6) | 2.6 (1) | 20.0 (4) | 0 (0) | 2.3 (1) | 10.4 (5) | .107 |
| Identity (BCT77–81) |
0.8(2) | 1.1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2.1 (1) | .768 |
| Scheduled consequences (BCT44–53) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NC |
| Covert learning (BCT91–93) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NC |
| Mean (range) | ||||||||
| Number of BCT groupings | 4.0 (1-9) | 4.2 (1-8)a,b | 3.5 (1-6)a | 3.2 (1-7)a | 3.4 (2-4)a,b | 4.0 (2-7)a,b | 4.8 (1-9)b | <.001 |
Note: *Significant overall differences are in italics.
a, b, c, d: Comparison of interventions targeting different health-related behaviors, different letters indicate significant difference at p < .05 (Bonferroni-corrected).
NC, cannot be computed.