Table 2.

Risk-based screening tools for men who have sex with men ordered by performance ordered by the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC)

Lead Author (year of publication)	Year(s) of data	Sample size	Country	Setting	Externally validated?	AUC (95% CI)	Sensitivity	Specificity
Sanders (2015) [22]	2005-12	Unclear	Kenya	Health facilities	Yes	0.89	90%	74.1%
Lin (2018) [13••]	2007-17	757	USA	Community-based screening program	Yes	0.88 (0.84-0.91)	78.2%	81%
Lin (2018) [23]	2007-17	998	USA	Community-based screening program	Yes	0.85 (0.78-0.92)	72%	96%
Dijkstra (2017) [27]	1984-2009	1562	Netherlands	STI clinic	Yes	0.82 (0.79-0.86)	76.3% (68.2-83.2)	76.3% (75.6-77.0)
Scott (2020) [28]	2009-10	1164	US	Community	Yes	0.8	81.1%	59.6%
Wahome (2013) [29]	2005-2012	6531	Kenya	Unclear	Yes	0.79	75.3%	76.4%
Wahome (2018) [24]	2005-16	753	Kenya	Community - personal networks, sex venues	No	0.76 (0.71-0.8)	97.9%	16.9%
Smith (2012) [25]	1998-2001	7754	USA	Unclear	Yes	0.74	84%	42%
Yin (2018) [30]	2013-14	3588	China	Study clinics and community	Yes	0.71	Not reported	Not reported
Dijkstra (2020) [26••]	2003-18	1071	Netherlands	STI clinic	Yes	0.70 (0.64-0.76)	54.0%	77.9%
Hoenigl (2015) [31]	2008-2014	8326	USA	Community-based screening program	Yes	0.70 (0.63-0.78)	58%	76%
Luo (2019) [32]	2009-16	1442	China	Unclear	Yes	0.63 (0.61-0.66)	Nor reported	Not reported
Jones (2018) [33]	2010-14	562	USA	Recruited from venue-based time-space sampling and via Facebook ads	Yes	HIRI: 0.62 (0.52-0.72) Menza: 0.51 (0.41-0.60) SDET: 0.55 (0.44-0.66)	HIRI: 62.5% (43.7-78.9) Menza: 62.5% (43.7-78.9) SDET: 25% (11.5-43.4)	HIRI: 56.7% (52.4-61.0) Menza: 41.1% (36.9-45.5) SDET: 83.9% (80.5-87.0)
Yun (2019) [34]	2009-16	999	China	VCT in hospital, recruitment from community	Yes	0.6 (0.45-0.74)	Not reported	Not reported
Beymer (2017) [35]	2009-14	9481	USA	LGBT Centre	No		75%	50%

LGBT lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender; STI sexually transmitted infection; VCT voluntary counselling and testing; 95% CI 95% confidence interval