Fig. 2.

The production of cytokines and chemokines in T lymphocytes upon lipopolysaccharide activation. PBMCs (n = 3) were stimulated with the indicated concentrations of LPS or in the absence of LPS (Control). Intracellular cytokines and chemokines were determined using flow cytometry. CD3+ T lymphocyte population was gated and histogram plots from one of the three individuals on indicated cytokines (a) and chemokines (b) are shown. The bar graphs indicated relative mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of cytokines (c) and chemokines (d) are expressed as mean ± standard error of mean (SEM). The dot plot showing the expression of IFN-γ (e) and TNF-α (f) upon stimulation with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs or unstimulated control are shown. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test. NS not significant