Table 4.
Number and percent of individuals with multimorbitiy (i.e. at least two diseases) in each cluster
| Cluster | Total (1,667) | Sex | Birth phases | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (788) | Female (879) | P-value | Pre-war (370) | Early war (561) | Late war (176) | Famine (310) | After famine (250) | P-value | ||
| Joint. Neuro. Anxiety. Depression | 78 (4.7%) | 22 (2.8%) | 56 (6.4%) | < 0.001 | 26 (7%) | 34 (6.1%) | 2 (1.1%) | 9 (2.9%) | 7 (2.8%) | 0.002 |
| Heart. Stroke. Diabetes. Hypertension | 818 (49.1%) | 456 (57.9%) | 362 (41.2%) | < 0.001 | 195 (52.7%) | 258 (46%) | 93 (52.8%) | 156 (50.3%) | 116 (46.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Lung. Gastro. Kidney. Liver | 106 (6.4%) | 44 (5.6%) | 62 (7.1%) | 0.218 | 20 (5.4%) | 31 (5.5%) | 17 (9.7%) | 19 (6.1%) | 19 (7.6%) | 0.051 |
P-value from Chi-square test for categorical variables. Phases were defined based on participant’s critical developmental age (prenatal gestation or the first two years of life) and the World War II situation in Germany