Table 2.
Clinical and paraclinical variables and associations with patient status as cases or control subjects, CaledoFaine study, New Caledonia, 2018 to 2019
| Variable | Control subjects, n (%) | Cases, n (%) | Total, N | P value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | No | Yes | |||
| Headache with brutal onset | 32 (45.7) | 38 (54.3) | 4 (10.4) | 31 (88.6) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Fever | 5 (7.2) | 65 (92.8) | 2 (5.7) | 33 (94.3) | 105 | 1 |
| Fever ≥ 39°C | 54 (73.2) | 16 (22.8) | 14 (40) | 21 (60) | 105 | 0.299 |
| Clinical signs of inflammation | ||||||
| Eye redness | 21 (80.0) | 14 (20.0) | 16 (53.3) | 14 (46.6) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Meningism | 68 (97.2) | 2 (2.8) | 15 (42.9) | 20 (57.1) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Myalgia | 30 (42.9) | 40 (57.1) | 3 (8.6) | 32 (91.4) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| All three signs | 68 (97.2) | 2 (2.8) | 20 (57.1) | 15 (42.9) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Jaundice | 68 (97.2) | 2 (2.8) | 15 (42.9) | 20 (57.1) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Proteinuria or oligo-anuria | 34 (48.6) | 36 (51.4) | 3 (8.6) | 32 (91.4) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Hemoptysis/dyspnea | 55 (79.6) | 15 (21.4) | 12 (34.3) | 23 (65.7) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Rainfall or flooding | 31 (44.3) | 39 (55.7) | 2 (5.7) | 33 (94.3) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Contact with contaminated environment (water and/or soil) | 35 (50) | 35 (50) | 1 (2.9) | 34 (97.1) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
| Presence of rats (home or area) | 41 (59.6) | 29 (41.4) | 2 (5.7) | 33 (94.3) | 105 | < 0.0001 |
*
Fisher text.