Fig. 4.

Flagellar motor function is required for c-di-GMP increase. ΔmotB E. coli cells in motility buffer with lactate were added to channel sides. Cells were attached for 45 s, excess motility buffer was added to the channels, and image acquisition (every 15 s) was started 1 min after cell addition. Average R values (individual traces normalized to initial values) are plotted as a function of time for Sensor- (black line) and Sensor*-expressing cells (red line). The 95% CIs are shown on the plot for each time point. The individual traces were fitted to a single term exponential R₀e^αt. The inset shows the rate constant α (min⁻¹) as a function of the initial ratio value R₀ for both Sensor- (black circles) and Sensor*- (red circles) expressing cells.