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. 2022 Jan 4;4(1):fcab308. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab308

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© The Author(s) 2022. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Biometrical ACE model with Alzheimer’s disease PRS. AD, Alzheimer’s disease liability; PRS, polygenic risk score. A_P, additive genetic influences due to the PRS which are correlated at 1.0 among MZ twin pair members and 1/2 for DZ twins pair members; A_B, background additive genetic influences which are correlated at 1 among MZ and 1/2 for DZ twin pairs; C, common environmental influences that are perfectly correlated among both MZ and DZ pairs; E, non-shared environmental influences. Subscripts of 1 refer to Twin 1 and subscripts of 2 refer to Twin 2. Total A = A_P + A_B + 2covAC, where covAC is the total covariance of A and C.