Table 2.
Morphofunctional assessment of nutritional status. Comparison between groups based on the presence of malnutrition according to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria or a standardized phase angle < −1.65.
|
Characteristics |
Total (n = 45) |
No Malnutrition (GLIM Criteria) (n = 27) |
Malnutrition (GLIM Criteria) (n = 18) |
p1 | SPA > −1.65 (n = 26) |
SPA < −1.65 (n = 18) |
p2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bioimpedance analysis | |||||||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24 (21.8–25.8) | 23.1 (20.6–26.8) | 25.6 (20.2–27.7) | 0.3 | 23.9 (21.8–27.3) | 24.5 (19.3–26.7) | 0.04 |
| BCMe | 26.4 (23–34.2) | 26.2 (21.2–30) | 33.1 (18–47.7) | 0.7 | 26.4 (22.5–30.9) | 28.5 (17.8–43.2) | 0.4 |
| ECMe | 16.3 (14.4–19.2) | 15.5 (12.9–17.9) | 18.9 (13.3–24.4) | 0.7 | 16.3 (13.9–18.3) | 17.3 (12.3–22.9) | 0.9 |
| Fat mass (%) | 24.6 (21.2–32.2) | 26.9 (21.5–35) | 22.6 (11.4–37.5) | 0.7 | 28.9 (21–37.2) | 22.9 (14.3–34.1) | 0.2 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 14.6 (12.6–20.3) | 14.7 (10.7–23.1) | 13.1 (8.6–23.2) | 0.9 | 16.1 (11.6–24.8) | 12.3 (8.5–21) | 0.4 |
| Lean mass (%) | 71.6 (64.6–74.6) | 66.9 (61.2–74.1) | 73.3 (61.3–83.3) | 0.4 | 66.3 (59.2–74.4) | 73 (64.1–80.7) | 0.2 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 40.1 (35.8–50.9) | 39.6 (32.4–45.4) | 49.4 (30.5–68.6) | 0.8 | 40.1 (34.6–46.7) | 43.4 (29–63) | 0.6 |
| Water (%) | 51.4 (47.5–54.9) | 49.7 (45.9–54.5) | 53.4 (43.3–62) | 0.7 | 49.7 (44.5–54.7) | 53.6 (45.8–59.9) | 0.3 |
| Water (kg) | 33.8 (27.6–39.2) | 30 (24–36.1) | 36.9 (24.7–51.5) | 0.7 | 31.1 (25.6–37.5) | 36.6 (22.8–47.7) | 0.6 |
| Bone mass (kg) | 2.2 (1.9–2.7) | 2.1 (1.8–2.4) | 2.6 (1.7–3.5) | 0.9 | 2.2 (1.9–2.5) | 2.4 (1.6–3.3) | 0.8 |
| Anthropometric evaluation | |||||||
| Abdominal circumference | 90.5 (84.5–97.3) | 88 (78.9–92.8) | 95 (86–109) | 0.9 | 89 (81.6–94) | 93 (80.5–107.5) | 0.6 |
| Arm circumference | 26 (24.9–28.2) | 26 (24.1–29) | 26 (23–30) | 0.3 | 26.5 (24.3–29.7) | 25.5 (23.2–29.1) | 0.05 |
| Calf circumference | 33.5 (28.4–34.5) | 33 (27.7–36) | 34 (24–37) | 0.2 | 33.5 (28–37) | 31 (24.6–35.8) | 0.04 |
| Muscle echography | |||||||
| Adipose tissue | 0.53 (0.20–1.5) | 0.69 (0.1–2.3) | 0.47 (0.3–0.6) | 0.3 | 0.7 (−0.2–2.7) | 0.4 (0.3–0.6) | 0.03 |
| Area | 1.8 (1.5–3.2) | 2.15 (1.4–3.7) | 1.7 (0.3–3.9) | 0.3 | 3 (1.4–4) | 1.5 (0.6–3.4) | 0.2 |
| Circunference | 8.6 (6.9–9) | 8.6 (6.4–9.6) | 8.6 (5.7–10.2) | 0.2 | 8.7 (7.5–9.5) | 8 (5.2–9.6) | 0.1 |
| Abdominal echography | |||||||
| Total adipose tissue | 2.23 (1.8–2.7) | 2 (1.7–3) | 2.5 (1.12–3.11) | 0.7 | 2.3 (1.8–3.2) | 2 (1.2–2.8) | 0.2 |
| Subcutaneous adipose tissue | 1.5 (1.1–1.9) | 1.5 (1–2) | 1.6 (0.6–2.6) | 0.6 | 1.6 (0.9–2.1) | 1.3(0.7–2.3) | 0.2 |
| Superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue | 0.49 (0.4–0.7) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 0.5 (0.1–1.1) | 0.9 | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 0.5 (0.2–0.9) | 0.6 |
| Deep subcutaneous adipose tissue | 1 (0.8–1.3) | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.9 (0.6–1−3) | 0.5 | 1.2 (0.8–1.5) | 0.9 (0.5–1.2) | 0.2 |
| Preperitoneal adipose tissue | 0.5 (0.3–1.2) | 0.4 (0.3–0.8) | 0.7 (−0.5–2.4) | 0.4 | 0.5 (0.3–0.9) | 0.6 (−0.2–2) | 0.2 |
| Functional evaluation | |||||||
| Dynamometry (dominant arm) | 18 (15–26) | 19 (14–29) | 17 (8–31) | 0.9 | 22 (14–31) | 17 (10–28) | 0.9 |
| Stand up test | 9 (6–11) | 10 (8–11) | 7 (−0.08–12) | 0.3 | 9.5 (8–10) | 8 (1–12) | 0.6 |
p1 refers to the comparison between non-malnutrition and malnutrition according to the GLIM criteria; p2 refers to the comparison between standardized phase angle < and >−1.65. BMI: body mass index; BCMe: body cell mass; ECMe: extracellular body cell mass.