2-AAF	2-acetylaminofluorene
ADM	adriamycin
AFP	α-fetoprotein
ALT	alanine aminotransferase
AMPK	5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
ASK1	apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
AST	aspartate transaminase
AVO	acidic vesicular organelles
Bax	Bcl-associated X protein
Bcl-2	B cell lymphoma 2
Bcl-xL	B-cell lymphoma-extra-large
CAT	catalase
CDK	cyclin-dependent kinase
c-Myc	cellular myelocytomatosis
COX-2	cyclooxygenase-2
CREB	cAMP response element-binding protein
CSC	cancer stem cells
CTGF	connective tissue growth factor
cyt c	cytochrome c
CYP	cytochrome P450
DEN	diethylnitrosamine
DHEA	dehydroepiandrosterone
DNM1L	dynamin-1-like protein
DR	death receptor
E2F1	E2F transcription factor 1
ERK	extracellular signal-regulated kinase
FasL	Fas ligand
GC-MS	gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
GFP	green fluorescent protein
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
GSH	glutathione
GSTπ	glutathione S-transferase pi
γGT	γ-glutamyl transferase
γ-H2AX	H2A histone family member X
HER2	human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HIAP	human inhibitor of apoptosis protein
HPLC	high-performance liquid chromatography
IκBα	inhibitor of κBαi
IL-1β	interleukin-1β
iNOS	inducible nitric oxide synthase
i.p.	intraperitoneal
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
LC3	light-chain 3
MAPK	mitogen activated protein kinase
MDA	malondialdehyde
MDR-1	multidrug resistance 1
MEK	mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase
MITF	microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
MMP	matrix metalloproteinase
mTOR	mammalian target of rapamycin
NF-κB	nuclear factor-κB
NLE	N. nucifera leaf extract
NLPE	N. nucifera leaf polyphenol extract
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
8-OHdG	8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine
PARP	poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
P-gp	P-glycoprotein
PI3K	phosphoinositide-3-kinase
PKA	protein kinase A
PKCα	protein kinase Cα
PP2A	protein phosphatase 2A
PRISMA	preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis
PTEN	phosphatase and tensin homolog
R123	rhodamine 123
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RAB7A	Ras-related protein Rab-7a
Rac1	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1
Ryr	ryanodine receptor
SOD	superoxide dismutase
TIMP-2	tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2
TLR4	Toll-like receptor 4
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor-α
TOMM20	translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20
TRAIL	tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand
TRIM44	tripartite motif-containing 44
TRP	tyrosine related protein
Ulk-1-PERK	Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase-1-protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase
UVB	ultra-violet B
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
WADA	Word Anti-Doping Agency
XIAP	X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis
ZFX	zinc finger X-chromosomal protein