TABLE 2A.

Methodology and outcomes of publications studying the relationship between trauma-associated stress and periodontitis.

Materials and methods
References	Study desing	Country	N (cases/ controls)	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria	Periodontitis definition	TAS definition
Muhvić-Urek et al. (33)	Case-control	Croatia	100 (50/50)	Cases: men who experienced combat stress for more than 10 years and at the time of the study met the criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder Controls: men who did not participate in war	Not explicit	Periodontal characteristics of the groups (PI, CI, CPI)	Diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder from the international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems/structured clinical interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
de Oliveira Solis et al. (52)	Case-control	Brazil	76 (38/38)	Cases: patients with post-traumatic stress disorder diagnostic criteria Controls: healthy patients	Bipolar disorder, eating disorder, suicide risk, self-mutilating behaviors, lack of remembrance about the traumatic event, abuse or dependence of alcohol and drugs, patients with systemic disease that might have hindered periodontal clinical examination	Periodontal characteristics of the groups (CAL, PPD, BOP, Plaque)	Post-traumatic stress disorder module of the Structural Clinic Interview (DSM-IV-SCID) Davidson trauma scale (DTS)
Hamid and Dashash (53)	Case-control	Syria	60 (30/30)	Children that did not receive any treatment or medication Cases: diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. Controls: healthy patients.	Other psychiatric disorders	PI and GI at 4 points/tooth. Patients were classified in mild (0–1), moderate (1.1–2) and severe (2.1–3) plaque and inflammation	Full criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder by 2 independent psychologists (5th edition of diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders). Child post-traumatic stress reaction index questionnaire to assess severity.
Tagger-Green et al. (54)	Cross-sectional	Israel	71	Combat related post-traumatic stress disorder patients for at least 10 years	Not explicit	American Academy of Periodontology (55). Localized (<30%) or generalized (>30%). Slight (1–2 mm CAL), moderate (3–4 mm CAL), severe (>5 mm CAL)	Full criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-4)