Table 1.
Main tumor glycans targeted for cancer therapy.
| Tumor Glycan | Glycan Type | Structure * | Type of Cancer | Function in Cancer | Therapeutic Strategy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GD2 | Ganglioside |
|
Glioma Melanoma Neuroblastoma Retinoblastoma |
Cell proliferation Motility Apoptosis resistance |
mAbs Dinutuximab Naxitamab Bispecific-Abs CAR-T cells |
| GD3 | Ganglioside |
|
Glioma Melanoma Breast, Lung |
Cell growth Invasion |
mAb huR24 Anti-idiotypic mAb BEC2 |
| GM3 (Neu5Gc) |
Ganglioside |
|
Melanoma Lung Colon Breast |
Cell growth Metastasis |
mAb 14F7hT Anti-idiotypic mAb Racotumomab Synthetic vaccine |
| Fucosyl-GM1 | Ganglioside |
|
SCLC | The role in cancer is unclear | Human mAb BMS-986012 |
| Globo H | Globoside |
|
Colon, Ovary, Breast, Prostate, Gastric, Lung, Endometrial, Pancreatic | Angiogenesis Immunosuppression |
Vaccine mAb OBI-888 ADC OBI-999 |
| Tn antigen | O-GalNAc mucin-type |
|
Carcinomas | Metastasis Immuno- suppression |
Antibodies Vaccine CAR-T cells |
| STn antigen | O-GalNAc mucin-type |
|
Carcinomas | Metastasis Immuno- suppression |
Antibodies Vaccine CAR-T cells |
| TF antigen | O-GalNAc mucin-type |
|
Carcinomas | Cell growth Adhesion |
Vaccine |
| SLeA | Glycoprotein Gangliosides |
|
Breast, Colon, Gastric, Lung, Ovarian, Pancreas |
Metastasis | Abs MVT-5873 177Lu- MVT-1075 Vaccine |
| SLeX | Glycoprotein Gangliosides |
|
Colon, breast melanoma, lung, liver ovary, pancreas |
Invasion Metastasis |
SLeX -liposomes anticancer drug delivery |
| LeY | Glycoprotein Gangliosides |
|
Lung, Ovarian, Fallopian tube, Breast |
Metastasis | mAb hu3S193 m3s193 BsAb DCA SGN-15 CAR-T cells |
| Poly-sialic acid | Glycoprotein Glycolipids |
|
Neuroblastoma Breast, Pancreas Lung |
Metastasis Cell growth |
Abs MY.1E12, OL.28, MAB735 Vaccine |
* Colored symbols represent the following monosacharides: yellow square: N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc); blue square: N-Acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc); violet diamond: Sialic acid (NeuAc); orange diamond: N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc); yellow circle: Galactose (Gal); blue circle: Glucose (Glc); green circle: Mannose (Man); red triangle: Fucose (Fuc).