Table 3.
Matrix Ingredients | Matrix Structure | T Range | Ea | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
β-carotene, zein | molecular complexes | 4–60 | 13 (calculated) |
[40] |
β-carotene, zein, carboxymethyl chitosan | molecular complexes | 4–60 | 7 (calculated) |
|
β-carotene, zein, carboxymethyl chitosan, tea polyphenols | molecular complexes | 4–60 | 17 (calculated) |
|
β-carotene, medium-chain triglyceride oil, gum arabic, α-tocopherol | O/W emulsion | 4–65 | 49.8 | [49] |
β-carotene, medium-chain triglyceride oil, gum arabic, ascorbyl palmitate | O/W emulsion | 4–65 | 45.7 | |
β-carotene, canola oil, Tween 80, alginate | O/W emulsion | 4–37 | 51.1 | [61] |
β-carotene, canola oil, Tween 80, alginate, calcium | O/gel emulsion | 4–37 | 47.6 | |
β-carotene, medium-chain tryglicerides, Tween 80 | O/W emulsion | 4–35 | 58 (calculated) |
[75] |
β-carotene, medium chain tryglicerides, glyceryl stearate, Tween 80 | SL nanoparticles | 4–35 | 20 (calculated) |
Activation energy refers to all-trans-β-carotene degradation. O, oil; W, water; SL, solid lipid.