. 2022 Jan 31;11(3):419. doi: 10.3390/foods11030419

Table 2.

Volatile compounds (mean ± SD; n = 3) ¹ detected in the headspace of pistachio kernel oils and ground kernels treated by an SDBD plasma generating device.

RI ³		Kernel Oils			Ground Kernels
RI ³		C ²	O₃	O₃⁽⁺⁾	C	O₃	O₃⁽⁺⁾
794	2-butenoic acid, (E)-	1374 ± 18	1250 ± 354	2566 ± 564
799	hexanal	101 ± 18 ^b	8310 ± 1808 ^a	347 ± 17 ^b	849 ± 101 ^b	54,606 ± 7741 ^a	651 ± 187 ^b
841	2-pentanone, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-	128 ± 17 ^b	113 ± 14 ^b	234 ± 18 ^a
870	n-hexanol	33 ± 12 ^b	4659 ± 1206 ^a	410 ± 78 ^b	2274 ± 332 ^b	41,530 ± 8147 ^a	5922 ± 740 ^b
902	heptanal	48 ± 23 ^b	1226 ± 417 ^a	95 ± 9 ^b	75 ± 13 ^b	6463 ± 964 ^a	105 ± 3 ^b
909	butyrolactone	206 ± 17	296 ± 66	387 ± 59
930	β-thujene				265 ± 7 ^b	620 ± 30 ^a	657 ± 7 ^a
939	α-pinene	996 ± 18 ^b	1036 ± 50 ^b	1615 ± 221 ^a	4390 ± 304 ^b	4943 ± 277 ^b	17742 ± 322 ^a
960	2-heptenal, (E)-	28 ± 5 ^b	133 ± 30 ^b	817 ± 174 ^a
967	benzaldehyde	147 ± 15	77 ± 26	78 ± 16
972	n-heptanol	36 ± 2 ^b	618 ± 190 ^a	26 ± 8 ^b	585 ± 57 ^ab	2094 ± 623 ^a	198 ± 65 ^b
979	1-octen-3-one	19 ± 1 ^c	33 ± 3 ^b	158 ± 3 ^a
995	3,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone	214 ± 123	143 ± 5	276 ± 18
1000	n-decane	97 ± 69	22 ± 5	111 ± 8
1003	n-octanal	56 ± 9 ^c	475 ± 112 ^a	106 ± 8 ^b	31 ± 7 ^c	2473 ± 1962 ^a	902 ± 112 ^b
1012	3-carene				242 ± 22	413 ± 147	403 ± 30
1020	methyl 5-oxohexanoate	223 ± 31 ^b	256 ± 49 ^ab	438 ± 67 ^a
1025	p-cymene				898 ± 122 ^a	843 ± 96 ^a	301 ± 7 ^b
1035	limonene	629 ± 62	943 ± 170	806 ± 158	7058 ± 698 ^ab	10,867 ± 1545 ^a	5491 ± 266 ^b
1038	β-ocimene				254 ± 37^b	598 ± 98^a	302 ± 19^b
1062	2-octenal, (E)-	49 ± 5 ^b	119 ± 11 ^ab	160 ± 27 ^a
1080	terpinolene				468 ± 75 ^b	2076 ± 440 ^a	872 ± 8 ^b
1100	n-undecane	271 ± 32	304 ± 64	524 ± 93	1507 ± 308	992 ± 204	1511 ± 23
1105	n-nonanal	263 ± 193 ^b	36,123 ± 9035 ^a	472 ± 60 ^b	395 ± 112 ^b	72,676 ± 20,053 ^a	90 ± 4 ^b
1163	2-nonenal, (E)-	28 ± 8 ^b	344 ± 35 ^a	31 ± 8 ^b	51 ± 13 ^b	337 ± 140 ^a	64 ± 17 ^b
1174	n-nonanol	40 ± 33 ^b	3998 ± 385 ^a	246 ± 1 ^b	243 ± 38 ^b	3402 ± 1213 ^a	315 ± 49 ^b
1200	n-dodecane	292 ± 70	484 ± 84	545 ± 93	1065 ± 257	1135 ± 301	868 ± 37
1207	n-decanal	22 ± 8 ^b	253 ± 69 ^a	26 ± 5 ^b
1300	n-tridecane	223 ± 2 ^b	305 ± 35 ^ab	335 ± 16 ^a	362 ± 109	418 ± 139	197 ± 18

¹ GC-FID peak areas [(pA × min) × 10⁴]. ² Column heads are: C = control (untreated samples), O₃ = samples treated using 10% DC (ozone level 300 ppm); O₃⁽⁺⁾ = samples treated using 100% DC (ozone level 800 ppm). Values in a row with different letters are significantly different (Tukey test, p < 0.05). ³ Kovats Retention Index.