Table 2.
Descriptive data on self-identified valued leisure activity (n = 502) 1.
| Valued Leisure Activity | n (%) | Frequency (Past-Month) | Engagement Relative to Pre-COVID Level | Engagement Relative to Desired Level | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M 5 | (SD) | M 5 | (SD) | M 5 | (SD) | ||
| Home-based offline activities | 218 (43.4) | 3.9 a | 1.30 | 3.3 a | 1.30 | 2.4 a | 0.79 |
| Reading and writing 2 | 94 (18.7) | 4.1 | 1.18 | 3.3 | 1.31 | 2.4 | 0.72 |
| Arts and crafts | 36 (7.2) | 3.3 | 1.25 | 3.2 | 1.30 | 2.2 | 0.80 |
| Listening to music | 17 (3.4) | 4.4 | 1.00 | 3.7 | 0.92 | 2.7 | 0.59 |
| Making music/singing/playing an instrument | 14 (2.8) | 3.4 | 1.55 | 2.5 | 1.29 | 1.7 | 0.91 |
| Playing games offline | 14 (2.8) | 3.8 | 1.37 | 3.1 | 1.56 | 2.2 | 0.89 |
| Spending time with family/friends | 12 (2.4) | 3.4 | 1.73 | 2.6 | 1.29 | 2.3 | 0.87 |
| Cooking and baking | 10 (2.0) | 4.1 | 1.20 | 3.8 | 0.79 | 2.9 | 0.32 |
| Relaxing 3 | 10 (2.0) | 4.1 | 0.99 | 3.9 | 1.10 | 2.6 | 0.70 |
| Other 4 | 10 (2.0) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Screen-based digital/online activities | 161 (32.1) | 4.3 b | 1.07 | 3.73 b | 1.14 | 2.6 b | 0.65 |
| Playing video/online games | 81 (16.1) | 4.2 | 1.05 | 3.8 | 1.14 | 2.6 | 0.71 |
| Watching TV/movies/videos | 70 (13.9) | 4.3 | 1.13 | 3.7 | 1.19 | 2.7 | 0.60 |
| Computer/social media-based (non-gaming) activities | 11 (2.2) | 4.8 | 0.60 | 3.5 | 0.69 | 2.9 | 0.30 |
| Physical/outdoor activities | 123 (24.5) | 2.7 c | 1.55 | 2.6 c | 1.36 | 1.9 c | 0.87 |
| Exercising/working out | 37 (7.4) | 3.2 | 1.41 | 2.7 | 1.37 | 2.1 | 0.94 |
| Nature-based activities | 31 (6.2) | 1.5 | 0.93 | 2.5 | 1.36 | 1.5 | 0.68 |
| Walking | 21 (4.2) | 3.9 | 1.28 | 3.0 | 1.14 | 2.5 | 0.68 |
| Gardening | 13 (2.6) | 3.8 | 1.41 | 3.0 | 1.29 | 2.1 | 0.86 |
| Field/court sports | 11 (2.2) | 1.3 | 0.65 | 1.7 | 1.35 | 1.1 | 0.30 |
| Traveling/driving | 5 (1.0) | 1.6 | 1.34 | 1.4 | 0.89 | 1.2 | 0.45 |
| Skiing, rollerblading and board-sport | 5 (1.0) | 2.0 | 0.71 | 3.4 | 1.52 | 2.2 | 0.84 |
1 One participant did not provide information on leisure activity; 2 Including listening to audio books and podcast that did not involve extensive interactions with a screen; 3 examples include sleeping, taking baths, sitting outside, spending time with a pet; 4 Combining three categories of low occurrences (<5 or 1%): religious/spiritual practice, shopping, and home improvement/repairing; 5 Domain activity means with different letter superscripts in the same column differ significantly at p < 0.05 based on Kruskal–Wallis 1-way ANOVA pairwise comparisons.