A scheme of necroptotic, pyroptotic, and ferroptotic signaling pathways. AIM2, absent in melanoma 2; ASC, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; DAMPs, damage-associated molecular patterns; DD, death domain; ECM, extracellular matrix; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; FADD, Fas-associated death domain; FSP, ferroptosis suppressor protein; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; GSDMD, gasdermin-D; GSDME, gasdermin-E; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MLKL, mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase; NLRP, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors family pyrin domain containing; NLRC, NOD-like receptors family caspase recruitment domain containing; PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns; PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase; PERK, pancreatic endoplasmic reticulum kinase; RIP, receptor-interacting proteins; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TNFR, TNF receptor; TRADD, TNFR-associated death domain; TRAIL, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand; TRAILR, TRAIL receptor; TXNIP, thioredoxin-interacting protein; Ub, ubiquitination; XIAP, X linked inhibitors of apoptosis protein.