Figure 1.

Technical description of the perfusion bioreactor system to monitor 3D cultures. (A): exploded view showing the individual components. (B): assembled bioreactor. (C): schematic depicting the inside of the bioreactor culture with an OFM probe integrated in a 3D cell culture. In the final setup, the bioreactor comprises a 3D cell culture with an integrated microperfusion system. The isotonic fluid in the probe equilibrates with the interstitial fluid from the 3D culture. Culture parameters, media compounds or metabolites can be analyzed via online monitoring of offline analyses.